旋翼机飞行手册 ROTORCRAFT FLYING HANDBOOK

时间：2011-04-05 11:32来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次

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ALTIMETER
For the average pilot, it becomes increasingly difficult to judge altitude accurately when more than several hundred feet above the ground. A conventional altimeter may be used to provide an altitude reference when flying at higher altitudes where human perception degrades.
IFR FLIGHT INSTRUMENTATION
Gyroplane flight into instrument meteorological conditions requires adequate flight instrumentation and navigational systems, just as in any aircraft. Very few gyroplanes have been equipped for this type of operation. The majority of gyroplanes do not meet the stability requirements for single-pilot IFR flight. As larger and more advanced gyroplanes are developed, issues of IFR flight in these aircraft will have to be addressed.
GROUND HANDLING
The gyroplane is capable of ground taxiing in a manner similar to that of an airplane. A steerable nose wheel, which may be combined with independent main wheel brakes, provides the most common method of control. [Figure 18-8] The use of independent main wheel brakes allows differential braking, or applying more braking to one wheel than the other to achieve tight radius turns. On some gyroplanes, the steerable nose wheel is equipped with a foot-operated brake rather than using main wheel brakes. One limitation of this system is that the nose wheel normally supports only a fraction of the weight of the gyroplane, which greatly reduces braking effectiveness. Another drawback is the inability to use differential braking, which increases brake that may be used to slow the rotor after landing, the radius of turns. or to secure the blades while parked. A parked gyro

plane should never be left with unsecured blades, The rotor blades demand special consideration during because even a slight change in wind could cause the ground handling, as turning rotor blades can be a haz-blades to turn or flap. ard to those nearby. Many gyroplanes have a rotor
18-6

As with most certificated aircraft manufactured after March 1979, FAA-certificated gyroplanes are required to have an approved flight manual. The flight manual describes procedures and limitations that must be adhered to when operating the aircraft. Specification for Pilot’s Operating Handbook, published by the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA), provides a recommended format that more recent gyroplane flight manuals follow. [Figure 19-1]
ROTORCRAFT FLIGHT MANUAL�
GENERAL—Presents basic information, such as loading, handling, and preflight of the gyroplane. Also includes definitions, abbreviations, symbology, and terminology explanations.�
� LIMITATIONS—Includes operating limitations, instrument markings, color coding, and basic placards necessary for the safe operation of the gyroplane.�
� EMERGENCY PROCEDURES—Provides checklists followed by amplified procedures for coping with various types of emergencies or critical situations. Related recommended airspeeds are also included. At the manufacturer's option, a section of abnormal procedures may be included to describe recommendations for handling equipment malfunctions or other abnormalities that are not of an emergency nature.�

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