旋翼机飞行手册 ROTORCRAFT FLYING HANDBOOK

时间：2011-04-05 11:32来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次

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All recently manufactured aircraft certified for night flight, must have an anticollision light that makes the aircraft more visible to other pilots. This light is either a red or white flashing light and may be in the form of a rotating beacon or a strobe. While anticollision lights are required for night VFR flights, they may be turned off any time they create a distraction for the pilot.
One of the first steps in preparation for night flight is becoming thoroughly familiar with the helicopter’s cockpit, instrumentation and control layout. It is recommended that you practice locating each instrument, control, and switch, both with and without cabin lights. Since the markings on some switches and circuit breaker panels may be hard to read at night, you should assure yourself that you are able to locate and use these devices, and read the markings in poor light conditions. Before you start the engine, make sure all necessary equipment and supplies needed for the flight, such as charts, notepads, and flashlights, are accessible and ready for use.
ENGINE STARTING AND ROTOR ENGAGEMENT
Use extra caution when starting the engine and engaging the rotors, especially in dark areas with little or no outside lights. In addition to the usual call of “clear,” turn on the position and anticollision lights. If conditions permit, you might also want to turn the landing light on momentarily to help warn others that you are about to start the engine and engage the rotors.
TAXI TECHNIQUE
Landing lights usually cast a beam that is narrow and concentrated ahead of the helicopter, so illumination to the side is minimal. Therefore, you should slow your taxi at night, especially in congested ramp and parking areas. Some helicopters have a hover light in addition to a landing light, which illuminates a larger area under the helicopter.
When operating at an unfamiliar airport at night, you should ask for instructions or advice concerning local conditions, so as to avoid taxiing into areas of construction, or unlighted, unmarked obstructions. Ground controllers or UNICOM operators are usually cooperative in furnishing you with this type of information.
TAKEOFF
Before takeoff, make sure that you have a clear, unobstructed takeoff path. At airports, you may accomplish this by taking off over a runway or taxiway, however, if you are operating off-airport, you must pay more attention to the surroundings. Obstructions may also be difficult to see if you are taking off from an unlighted area. Once you have chosen a suitable takeoff path, select a point down the takeoff path to use for directional reference. During a night takeoff, you may notice a lack of reliable outside visual references after you are airborne. This is particularly true at small airports and off-airport landing sites located in sparsely populated areas. To compensate for the lack of outside references, use the available flight instruments as an aid. Check the altimeter and the airspeed indicator to verify the proper climb attitude. An attitude indicator, if installed, can enhance your attitude reference.

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