时间:2011-04-05 11:32来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空 点击:次
To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. A helicopter pilot, with limited experience flying in adverse weather, wants to be back at his home airport in time to attend an important social affair. He is already 30 minutes late. Therefore, he decides not to refuel his helicopter, since he should get back home with at least 20 minutes of reserve. In addition, in spite of his inexperience, he decides to fly through an area of possible thunderstorms in order to get back just before dark. Arriving in the thunderstorm area, he encounters lightning, turbulence, and heavy clouds. Night is approaching, and the thick cloud cover makes it very dark. With his limited fuel supply, he is not able to circumnavigate the thunderstorms. In the darkness and turbulence, the pilot becomes spatially disoriented while attempting to continue flying with visual reference to the ground instead of using what instruments he has to make a 180° turn. In the ensuing crash, the pilot is seriously injured and the helicopter completely destroyed. By discussing the events that led to this accident, we can understand how a series of judgmental errors contributed to the final outcome of this flight. For example, one of the first elements that affected the pilot’s flight was a decision regarding the weather. The pilot knew there were going to be thunderstorms in the area, but he had flown near thunderstorms before and never had an accident. Next, he let his desire to arrive at his destination on time override his concern for a safe flight. For one thing, in order to save time, he did not refuel the helicopter, which might have allowed him the opportunity to circumnavigate the bad weather. Then he overestimated his flying abilities and decided to use a route that took him through a potential area of thunderstorm activity. Next, the pilot pressed on into obviously deteriorating conditions instead of changing course or landing prior to his destination. On numerous occasions during the flight, the pilot could have made effective decisions that may have prevented this accident. However, as the chain of events unfolded, each poor decision left him with fewer and fewer options. Making sound decisions is the key to preventing accidents. Traditional pilot training has emphasized flying skills, knowledge of the aircraft, and familiarity with regulations. ADM training focuses on the decision-making process and the factors that affect a pilot’s ability to make effective choices. ORIGINS OF ADM TRAINING |