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民航规章 CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS 1

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(ii) Use, limitation and serviceability of avionics and instruments necessary for the navigation of the aircraft;
(iii) Use, accuracy and reliability of navigation systems used in departure, en-route and approach phases of flight; identification of radio navigation aids;
(iv) Principles, characteristics and use of self-contained and external-referenced navigation systems; operation of airborne equipment;
(v) The celestial sphere including the movement of heavenly bodies and their selection and identification for the purpose of observation and reduction of sights; calibration of sextants; the completion of navigation documentation; and
(vi) Definitions, units and formulae used in air navigation.
(6) Operational procedures:
(i) Interpretation and use of aeronautical documentation such as AIP, NOTAM, aeronautical codes, abbreviations, and instrument procedure charts for departure, en-route, descent and approach.
(7) Principles of flight:  principles of flight.
(8) Radiotelephony:  radiotelephony procedures and phraseology.
(d) Knowledge testing.
(1) An applicant for a flight navigator licence shall have received an endorsement for the knowledge test from an authorised instructor who:
(i) Conducted the training on the knowledge subjects.
(ii) Certifies that the person is prepared for the required knowledge test.
(2) Pass the required knowledge test on the subjects listed in item (c).
(e) Experience.  The applicant for a flight navigator licence:
(1) Shall present satisfactory evidence, such as a logbook, of the following experience:
(i) The applicant shall have completed in the performance of the duties of a flight navigator, not less than 200 hours of flight time acceptable to the Authority, in aircraft engaged in cross-country flights, using celestial and radio navigation and dead reckoning, including not less than 30 hours by night; and
(ii) The applicant shall produce evidence of having satisfactorily determined the aircraft’s position in flight, and used that information to navigate the aircraft, as follows:
(A) By night – not less than 25 times by celestial observations; and
(B) By day – not less than 25 times by celestial observations in conjunction with self-contained or external-referenced navigation systems.
(2) May be credited with 30 hours of flight time as the holder of a pilot licence towards the 200 hours of flight time required in paragraph (e)(1).
(f) Skill. The applicant shall have demonstrated by passing the required skill test on the items in IS 2.5.4.2 the ability to perform as flight navigator of an aircraft with a degree of competency appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a flight navigator licence, and to:
(1) Recognise and manage threats and errors;
(2) Exercise good judgment and airmanship;
(3) Apply aeronautical knowledge;
(4) Perform all duties as part of an integrated crew; and
(5) Communicate effectively with the other flight crewmembers.
(g) Privileges. Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the privileges of the holder of a flight navigator licence shall be to act as flight navigator of any aircraft.
(h) Validity. Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the validity period of the licence is five years.
(i) Recent experience requirements.  No person holding a flight navigator licence shall exercise the privileges of the flight navigator licence unless he/she has completed within the past 6 calendar months –
(1) At least 30 hours of flight time as a flight navigator, or
(2) Completed a proficiency check.
(j) Renewal of the flight navigator licence.  For renewal of the licence, the applicant shall pass a proficiency check on the areas of operation in IS 2.5.4.2
(k) Reissue.  If the Flight Navigator Licence has expired, the applicant shall have received refresher training acceptable to the Authority, and pass a skill test on the areas of operation contained in IS 2.5.4.2.
ICAO Annex 1: 3.1.1.1; 3.2.1.1, 3.2.1.2, 3.2.1.3.1, 3.2.1.3.1.1, 3.2.1.3.2, 3.2.1.4, 3.2.1.5, 3.2.2
14 CFR Part 63, Subpart C
2.5.4.2 FLIGHT NAVIGATOR LICENCE: SKILL TEST AND PROFICIENCY CHECK
(a) The areas of operation for the skill test and proficiency check, are included in IS 2.5.4.2.
2.5.5 INSTRUCTOR REQUIREMENTS FOR FLIGHT NAVIGATORS
2.5.5.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR FLIGHT NAVIGATOR INSTRUCTOR LICENCE
(a) Age.  An applicant for a flight navigator instructor licence shall be at least 18 years of age.
(b) Medical.  An applicant for a flight navigator instructor licence shall hold a Class 2 medical certificate.
(c) Knowledge.
(1) An applicant for a flight navigator instructor licence shall have met the instructor knowledge requirements in 2.2.6 of this part; and
(2) Meet any additional requirements as may be specified by the Authority.
(d) Experience.  The applicant for a flight navigator instructor licence shall hold at least a current and valid flight navigator licence for which the instructor licence is sought and have a minimum of 1,500 hours flight time as a flight navigator.
(e) Flight instruction.  Received flight instruction from an authorised instructor in the areas of:
(1) Flight instructional techniques including demonstration, student performance, student practices, recognition and correction of common student errors; and
(2) Have practised instructional techniques in those procedures in which it is intended to provide flight instruction.
(f) Privileges.  The privileges of a flight navigator instructor licence are to give flight and ground instruction to flight navigator licence applicants and to endorse those applicants for a knowledge or skill test as applicable.
(g) Validity.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the validity period of the flight navigator instructor licence is 2 years.
(h) Renewal.  A flight navigator instructor licence that has not expired may be renewed for an additional 24 calendar months if the holder presents to the Authority evidence that he/she has within the past 12 months preceding the expiry date —
(1) Conducted at least two flight exercises in an approved course for a flight navigator licence or class rating in which the aircraft position was determined by use of celestial, ground based and electronic navigational systems; or
(2) Received refresher training acceptable to the Authority.
(i) Reissue.  If the flight navigation instructor licence has expired, the applicant shall:
(1) Have received refresher training acceptable to the Authority; and
(2) Passed a skill test on the areas of operation listed in IS: 2.5.4.2.
2.5.6 DESIGNATED FLIGHT NAVIGATOR EXAMINERS
2.5.6.1 REQUIREMENTS
(a) Age:  An applicant for a designated flight navigator examiner shall be at least 21 years of age.
(b) Medical.  An applicant for a designated flight navigator examiner shall hold a Class 1 medical certificate.
(c) Eligibility.  An applicant for a designated flight navigator examiner shall:
(1) Hold the flight navigator licence for which examining authority is sought;
(2) Have a reputation for integrity and dependability in the industry and the community;
(3) Have a good record as a flight navigator in regard to accidents, incidents, and violations; and
(4) Have a flight navigator licence that has never been revoked for falsification or forgery.
(d) Knowledge.  The applicant for a designated flight navigator examiner shall pass a pre-designation knowledge test in the areas appropriate to the licence rating for which designation is sought.
(e) Skill test.  The applicant for a designated flight navigator examiner shall pass a skill test on the areas of operation listed in IS 2.5.6.2 conducted by an inspector of the Authority who holds a current and valid flight navigator licence.
(f) Maintaining currency.  After designation, a designated flight navigator examiner shall maintain currency by:
(1) Attending initial and recurrent training provided by the Authority; and
(2) Maintain a current and valid:
(i) Flight navigator licence; and
(ii) Class 2 medical certificate.
(g) Privileges.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the privileges of the flight navigator examiner’s designation are to conduct skill tests and proficiency checks for a flight navigator licence as listed on the designated flight navigator examiner’s certificate of designation and identification card.
(h) Validity.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the validity period of the designated flight navigator examiner’s designation is 3 years.
(i) Renewal.
(1) Renewal will be at the discretion of the Authority.
(2) An applicant for renewal shall pass the appropriate skill test on the areas of operation listed in IS 2.5.6.2.
2.5.6.2 SKILL TEST FOR DESIGNATED FLIGHT NAVIGATOR EXAMINER
(a) The requirements for a skill test for designated flight navigator examiners are included in IS 2.5.6.2.
2.6 AVIATION MAINTENANCE LICENSING, INSTRUCTORS AND DESIGNATED EXAMINERS
2.6.1 GENERAL
2.6.1.1 APPLICABILITY
(a) Subpart 2.6 prescribes the requirements for issuing the following licences and associated ratings and/or authorisations for:
(1) Aviation Maintenance Technicians
(2) Inspection Authorisations.
(3) Aviation Repairman.
(4) Aviation Maintenance Technician Instructors;
(5) Designated Mechanic Examiners.
2.6.2 AVIATION MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS (AMT)
Note:  The term “Aviation Maintenance Technician” is used in this section, but under ICAO Annex 1, 4.2, the terms “Aircraft Maintenance Engineer and “Aircraft Maintenance Mechanic” are accepted with equal validity.  In addition, these Model Regulations use the term “Licensed Mechanic” where the maintenance function is performed by individuals not working for an Approved Maintenance Organisation (AMO).
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