时间：2015-01-22 15:14来源：蓝天飞行翻译公司 作者：民航翻译 点击：次
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To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. (ii) Provide structures for the proper protection of aircraft, airframes, aircraft engines, propellers, appliances, components, parts, and subassemblies thereof during disassembly, cleaning, inspection, repair, modification, assembly, and testing; and (iii) Provide for the proper storage, segregation, and protection of materials, parts, and supplies. (265) Human factors principles. Principles which apply to aeronautical design, certification, training, operations and maintenance and which seek safe interface between the human and other system components by proper consideration to human performance. (266) Human performance. Human capabilities and limitations which have an impact on the safety and efficiency of aeronautical operations (267) ICAO. Where used in this Act, this is an abbreviation for the International Civil Aviation Organisation. (Law) (268) IFR. The symbol used to designate the instrument flight rules. (269) IFR flight. A flight conducted in accordance with the instrument flight rules. (270) IMC. The symbol used to designate instrument meteorological conditions. (271) Incident. An occurrence other than an accident, associated with the operation of an aircraft, which affects or could affect the safety of operations. Note: The types of incidents which are of interest for safety–related studies include the incidents listed in Annex 13, Attachment C. (272) Includes. A rule of construction in Part 1.1.1.1(a)(5) that means “includes but is not limited to.” (273) Incompatible. Describing dangerous goods, which if mixed, would be liable to cause a dangerous evolution of heat or gas or produce a corrosive substance. (274) Industry codes of practice. Guidance material developed by an industry body, for a particular sector of the aviation industry to comply with the requirements of the International Civil Aviation Organisation’s Standards and Recommended Practices, other aviation safety requirements and the best practices deemed appropriate. Note: Some States accept and reference industry codes of practice in the development of regulation to meet the requirements of Annex 19, and make available, for the industry codes of practice, their sources and how they may be obtained. (275) Instructions for continued airworthiness. A set of descriptive data, maintenance planning and accomplishment instructions, developed by a design approval holder in accordance with the certification basis for the product, providing operators with the necessary information for development of their own maintenance programme and accomplishment instructions. (276) Instrument approach categories. (i) Category one (CAT I) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a decision height not lower than 60 m (200 ft) and with either a visibility not less than 800 m or a runway visual range not less than 550 m. (ii) Category two (CAT II) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with a decision height lower than 60 m (200ft) but no lower than 30 m (100 ft) and a visual range not less 300 m. (iii) Category three A (CAT IIIA) operation. A precision approach and landing with: a decision height lower than 30 m (100ft) or no decision height; and a runway visual range not less than 175 m. (iv) Category three B (CAT IIIB) operation. A precision approach and landing with: a decision height lower than 15 m (50 ft) or no decision height; and a runway visual range less than 175 m but not less than 50 m. (v) Category three C (CAT IIIC) operation. A precision instrument approach and landing with no decision height and no runway visual range limitations. Note: Definitions taken from text in ICAO Annex 6, Part 1: 4.2.8.3 and ICAO Annex 6, Part III, Section II: 2.2.8. (277) Instrument approach operations. An approach and landing using instruments for navigation guidance based on an instrument approach procedure. There are two methods for executing instrument approach operations: (i) A two-dimensional (2D) instrument approach operation, using lateral navigation guidance only; and (ii) A three-dimensional (3D) instrument approach operation, using both lateral and vertical navigation guidance. Note: Lateral and vertical navigation guidance refers to the guidance provided either by: (a) a ground-based radio navigation aid; or (b) computer-generated navigation data from ground-based, space-based, self-contained navigation aids or a combination of these. (278) Instrument approach procedure (IAP). A series of predetermined manoeuvres by reference to flight instruments with specified protection from obstacles from the initial approach fix, or where applicable, from the beginning of a defined arrival route to a point from which a landing can be completed and thereafter, if a landing is not completed, to a position at which holding or en-route obstacle clearance criteria apply. Instrument approach procedures are classified as follows: (i) Non-precision approach (NPA) procedure. An instrument approach procedures designed for 2D instrument approach operations Type A. Note: Non-precision approach procedures may be flown using a continuous descent final approach technique(CDFA). CDFA with advisory VNAV guidance calculated by on-board equipment (see ICAO Doc 8168, Vol. I, Part I, Section 4, Chapter 1, paragraph 1.8.1) are considered 3D instrument approach operations. CDFA with manual calculation of the required rate of descent are considered 2D instrument approach operations. For more information, see ICAO Doc, 8168, PANS-OPS, Vol. I, Section 1.7 and 1.8. (ii) Approach procedure with vertical guidance (APV). A performance-based navigation (PBN) instrument approach procedure designed for 3D instrument approach operations Type B. (iii) Precision approach (PA) procedure. An instrument approach procedure based on navigation systems (LKS, MLS, GLS and SBAS CAT I) designed for 3D instrument approach operations Type A or B. (279) Isolated aerodrome. A destination aerodrome for which there is no destination alternate aerodrome suitable for a given aeroplane type. (280) Inspection. The examination of an aircraft or aeronautical product to establish conformity with a standard approved by the Authority. (Part 1) (281) Instrument approach procedure. A series of predetermined manoeuvres by reference to flight instruments with specified protection from obstacles from the initial approach fix, or where applicable, from the beginning of a defined arrival route to a point from which a landing can be completed and thereafter, if a landing is not completed, to a position at which holding or en-route obstacle clearance criteria apply. (282) Instrument flight time. Time during which a pilot is piloting an aircraft solely by reference to instruments and without external reference points. (283) Instrument ground time. Time during which a pilot is practising, on the ground, simulated instrument flight in a flight simulation training device approved by the Licensing [AUTHORITY]. (284) Instrument meteorological conditions (IMC). Meteorological conditions expressed in terms of visibility, distance from cloud, and ceiling, less than the minima specified for visual meteorological conditions. (285) Instrument time. Time in which cockpit instruments are used as the sole means for navigation and control, which may be instrument flight time or instrument ground time. (286) Instrument training. Training which is received from an authorised instructor under actual or simulated instrument meteorological conditions. (287) Integrated survival suit. A survival suit which meets the combined requirement of the survival suit and life jacket. (288) Interchange agreement. A leasing agreement which permits an air carrier to dry lease and take or relinquish operational control of an aircraft at an airport. (289) International commercial air transport. The carriage by aircraft of persons or property for remuneration or hire or the carriage of mail between any two or more countries. (290) International operating agency. An agency of the kind contemplated in Article 77 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation. (291) Investigation. As relates to an aircraft accident or incident, a process conducted for the purpose of accident prevention which includes the gathering and analysis of information, the drawing of conclusions, including the determination of causes and, when appropriate, the making of safety recommendations. (ICAO Annex 13) (292) Investigator-in-charge. As relates to an aircraft accident or indent, a person charged, on the basis of his or her qualifications, with the responsibility for the organisation, conduct and control of an investigation. (ICAO Annex 13) (293) Journey log. A form signed by the PIC of each flight that records the aeroplane's registration, crew member names and duty assignments, the type of flight, and the date, place, and time of arrival and departure. (294) Knowledge test. A test on the aeronautical knowledge areas required for an airman licence or rating that can be administered in written form or by a computer. (295) Landing area. That part of a movement area intended for the landing or takeoff of an aircraft. (296) Land distance available (LDA). The lengthy of runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing. (297) Landing decision point. The point used in determining landing performance from which, an engine failure occurring at this point, the landing may be safely continued or a balked landing initiated. (298) Landing surface. That part of the surface of an aerodrome which the aerodrome authority has declared available for the normal ground or water run of aircraft landing in a particular direction. |
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