时间：2015-01-22 15:14来源：蓝天飞行翻译公司 作者：民航翻译 点击：次
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To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. (455) Skill test. A competency test on the areas of operations for a licence, certificate, rating, or authorisation that is conducted by having the applicant respond to questions and demonstrate manoeuvres in flight, or in an approved flight simulation training device, or in a combination of these. (456) Small aeroplane. An aeroplane having a maximum certified takeoff mass of less than 5,700 kg. (12,500 lbs.). (457) Solo flight. Flight time during which a student pilot is the sole occupant of the aircraft, or that flight time during which the student acts as a PIC of a gas balloon or an airship requiring more than one flight crewmember. (458) Spare parts. Any parts, appurtenances, and accessories of aircraft (other than aircraft engines and propellers), of aircraft engines (other than propellers), of propellers, and of appliances, maintained for installation or use in an aircraft, aircraft engine, propeller, or appliance, but which at the time are not installed therein or attached thereto. (Law) (459) Special aircraft jurisdiction of [STATE]. This includes: (Law) (i) Civil aircraft of [STATE]; and (ii) Any other aircraft within the jurisdiction of [STATE], while the aircraft is in flight, which is from the moment when all external doors are closed following embarkation until the moment when one such door is opened for disembarkation or, in case of a forced landing, until the competent authorities take over the responsibility of the aircraft and the persons and property aboard. (460) Special curricula. A closely supervised, systematic and continuous course of training, conforming to a planned syllabus or curriculum, and conducted in an approved training organisation. Note: The definition of special curricula has been derived from the note to ICAO Annex 1: 1.2.8. (461) Special VFR flight. A VFR flight cleared by air traffic control to operate within a control zone in meteorological conditions below VMC. (462) Specialised maintenance. Any maintenance not normally performed by an AMO (e.g., tire retreating, plating, etc.) (463) Operations specifications. A document issued to a certificate holder by the Authority describing the scope and limitations of operations. (464) State of Design. The State having jurisdiction over the organisation responsible for the type design. (465) State of Destination. As relating to dangerous goods, the State in the territory of which the dangerous goods consignment if finally to be unloaded from an aircraft. (466) State of Manufacture. The State having jurisdiction over the organisation responsible for the final assembly of the aircraft. (467) State of occurrence. The State in the territory of which an accident or incident occurs. (468) State of the Operator. The State in which the operator’s principal place of business is located, or, if there is no such place of business, the operator’s permanent residence. (469) State of origin. As relating to dangerous goods, the State in which dangerous goods were first loaded on an aircraft. (470) State of Registry. The State on whose register an aircraft is entered. Note - In the case of the registration of aircraft of an international operating agency on other than a national basis the States constituting the agency are jointly and severally bound to assume the obligations which, under the Chicago Convention, attached to a State of Registry. See, in this regard the Council Resolution of 14 December 1967 on Nationality and Registration of Aircraft Operated by International Operating Agencies which can be found in Policy and Guidance Material on the Economic Regulation of International Air Transport (Doc 9587). (471) State safety programme (SSP). An integrated set of regulations and activities aimed at improving safety. (472) Substantial damage. Damage or failure which adversely affects the structural strength, performance, or flight characteristics of the aircraft, and which would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component. Engine failure or damage limited to an engine if only one engine fails or is damaged, bent fairings or cowling, dented skin, small punctured holes in the skin or fabric, ground damage to rotor or propeller blades, and damage to landing gear, wheels, tires, flaps, engine accessories, brakes, or wingtips are not considered "substantial damage" for the purpose of this substantial damage relating to an aircraft accident. (473) Syllabus (training). The detailed summary or outline describing the main points of a course. (474) Synthetic flight trainer. See flight simulation training device. (475) Takeoff decision point. The point used in determining takeoff performance of a Class 1 helicopter from which, an engine failure occurring at this point, either a rejected takeoff may be made or a takeoff safely continued. (476) Takeoff surface. The part of the surface of an aerodrome which the aerodrome authority has declared available for the Norman ground or water run of aircraft taking off in a particular direction. (477) Target level of safety (TLS). A generic term representing the level of risk which is considered acceptable in particular circumstances. (478) Taxiing. Movement of an aircraft on the surface of an aerodrome under its own power, excluding takeoff and landing. (479) Taxiway. A defined path on a land aerodrome established for the taxiing of aircraft and intended to provide a link between one part of the aerodrome and another, including: (i) Aircraft stand taxilane. A portion of an apron designated as a taxiway and intended to provide access to aircraft stands only. (ii) Apron taxiway. A portion of a taxiway system located on an apron and intended to provide a through taxi route across the apron. (iii) Rapid exit taxiway. A taxiway connected to a runway at an acute angle and designed to allow landing aeroplanes to turn off at higher speeds than are achieved on other exit taxiways thereby minimising runway occupancy times. (480) Technical instructions. The latest effective edition of the Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air (Doc. 9284-AN/905), including the supplement and any addendum, approved and published by decision of the Council of the ICAO. The term "Technical Instructions" is used in this Part. (481) Technical log. A document carried on an aircraft that contains information to meet ICAO requirements; a technical log contains two independent sections: a journey record section and an aircraft maintenance record section. (482) Terminal control area. A control area normally established at the confluence of ATC routes in the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes. (483) Terrain awareness warning system. A system that provides the flight crew with sufficient information and alerting to detect a potentially hazardous terrain situation and so the flight crew may take effective action to prevent a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) event. (484) Threat. As relating to flight, events or errors that occur beyond the influence of an operational person, increase operational complexity and which must be managed to maintain the margin of safety. (485) Threat management. The process of detecting and responding to the threats with countermeasures that reduce or eliminate the consequences of threats, and mitigate the probability of errors or undesired aircraft. Note - See Attachment C to Chapter 3 of the Procedures for Air Navigation Services Training (ICAO PANS-TRG, Doc 9868) and ICAO Circular 314, Threat and Error Management (TEM) in Air Traffic Control, for a description of undesired states. (486) Threshold time. The range, expressed in time, established by the State of the Operator, to an en-route alternate aerodrome, whereby any time beyond requires an extended diversion time operation approval from the State of the Operator. (487) Total estimated elapsed time. For IFR flights, the estimated time required from takeoff to arrive over that designated point, defined by reference to navigation aids, from which it is intended that an instrument approach procedure will be commenced, or, if no navigation aid is associated with the destination aerodrome, to arrive over the destination aerodrome. For VFR flights, the estimated time required from takeoff to arrive over the destination aerodrome. (488) Total vertical error (TVE). The vertical geometric difference between the actual pressure altitude flown by an aircraft and its assigned pressure altitude (flight level). (489) Traceability. A characteristic of a calibration, analogous to a pedigree. A traceable calibration is achieved when each Measurement Device and Working Standard, in a hierarchy stretching back to the National Standard, was itself properly calibrated, and the results properly documented. The documentation provides the information needed to show that all calibrations in the chain of calibrations were properly performed. (490) Track. The projection on the earth’s surface of the path of an aircraft, the direction of which path at any point is usually expressed in degrees from North (true, magnetic or grid). (491) Traffic avoidance advice. Advice provided by an air traffic services unit specifying manoeuvres to assist a pilot to avoid a collision. (492) Traffic information. Information issued by an air traffic services unit to alert a pilot to other known or observed air traffic which may be in proximity to the position or intended route of flight and to help the pilot avoid a collision. (493) Training manual. A manual containing the training goals, objectives, standards syllabi, and curriculum for each phase of the approved training course. |
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