时间：2015-01-22 15:14来源：蓝天飞行翻译公司 作者：民航翻译 点击：次
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To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. (232) Flight recorder. Any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of complementing accident/incident investigation. Note: This could include the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) or flight data recorder (FDR). (233) Flight safety document system. A set of inter-related documentation established by the operator, compiling and organising information necessary for flight and ground operations, and comprising, as a minimum, the operations manual and the operator’s maintenance control manual. (234) Flight simulation training device. Any one of the following three types of apparatus in which flight conditions are simulated on the ground: (i) A flight simulator, which provides an accurate representation of the flight deck of a particular aircraft type to the extent that the mechanical, electrical, electronic, etc. aircraft systems control functions, the normal environment of flight crew members, and the performance and flight characteristics of that type of aircraft are realistically simulated (ii) A flight procedures trainer, which provides a realistic flight deck environment, and which simulates instrument responses, simple control functions of mechanical, electrical ,electronic, etc., aircraft systems, and the performance and flight characteristics of aircraft of a particular class. (iii) A basic instrument flight trainer, which is equipped with appropriate instruments and which simulates the flight deck environment of an aircraft in flight in instrument flight conditions. (235) Flight status. An indication of whether a given aircraft requires special handling by air traffic services units or not. (236) Flight time. The period of time that the aircraft moves under its own power for the purpose of flight and ends when the aircraft comes to rest after it is parked, with engine(s) shut down if applicable. Note: Flight time as here defined is synonymous with the term "block-to-block" time or "chock-to-chock" time in general usage, which is measured from the time an aircraft moves from the loading point until it stops at the unloading point. (237) Flight time— aeroplane. The total time from the moment an aeroplane first moves for the purpose of taking off until the moment it finally comes to rest at the end of the flight. (238) Flight time—helicopter. The total time from the moment a helicopter’s rotor blades start turning until the moment the helicopter finally comes to rest at the end of the flight, and the rotor blades are stopped. (239) Flight time—glider. The total time occupied in flight, whether being towed or not, from the moment the glider first moves for the purpose of taking off until the moment it comes to rest at the end of the flight. (240) Flight training. Training, other than ground training, received from an authorised instructor in flight in an aircraft. (241) Flight visibility. The visibility forward from the cockpit of an aircraft in flight. (242) Foreign air operator. Any operator, not being a [STATE] air operator, which undertakes, whether directly or indirectly or by lease or any other arrangement, to engage in commercial air transport operations within borders or airspace of [STATE], whether on a scheduled or charter basis. (243) Foreign Authority. The civil aviation authority that issues and oversees the Air Operator Certificate of the foreign operator. (244) Freight container. See unit load device. (245) Freight container in the case of radioactive material transport. An article of transport equipment designed to facilitate the transport of packaged goods, by one or more modes of transport without intermediate reloading. It must be of a permanent enclosed character, rigid and strong enough for repeated use, and must be fitted with devices facilitating its handling, particularly in transfer between aircraft and from one mode of transport to another. A small freight container is that which has either an overall outer dimension less than 1.5 m, or an internal volume of not more than 3m³. Any other freight container is considered to be a large freight container. (246) General aviation operation. An aircraft operation other than a commercial air transport operation or aerial work operation. (247) Glider. A non-power-driven heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces, which remain, fixed under given conditions of flight. (248) Ground handling. Services necessary for an aircraft’s arrival at, and departure from, an airport, other than air traffic services. (249) Ground proximity warning system (GPWS). A warning system that uses radar altimeters to alert the pilots of hazardous flight conditions. (250) Ground visibility. The visibility at an aerodrome, as reported by an accredited observer. (251) Gyroplane. A heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight by the reactions of the air on one or more rotors which rotate freely on substantially vertical axes. (252) Handling agent. An agency which performs on behalf of the operator some or all of the latter's functions including receiving, loading, unloading, transferring or other processing of passengers or cargo. (253) Hazard. A condition or an object with the potential to cause injuries to personnel, damage to equipment or structures, loss of material, or reduction of ability to perform a prescribed function. (254) Heading. The direction in which the longitudinal axis of an aircraft is pointed, usually expressed in degrees from North (true, magnetic, compass or grid. (255) Head-up display (HUD). A display system that presents flight information into the pilot’s forward external field of view. (256) Heavier-than-air aircraft. Any aircraft deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic forces. (257) Height. The vertical distance of a level, a point or an object considered a point, measured from a specified datum. (258) Helicopter. A heavier-than-air aircraft supported in flight chiefly by the reactions of the air on one or more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axis. (i) Categories: (A) Category A. A multi-engined helicopter designed with engine and system isolation features specified in ICAO Annex 8, Part IVB, and capable of operations using take-off and landing data scheduled under a critical engine failure concept which assures adequate designed surface area and adequate performance capability for continued safe flight or safe rejected take-off. (B) Category B. A single engine or multi-engined helicopter which does not meet Category A standards. Category B helicopters have no guaranteed capability to continue safe flight in the event an engine failure, and a forced landing is assumed. (ii) Performance classes: (A) Class 1 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of critical engine failure, it is able to land within the rejected takeoff area or safely continue the flight to an appropriate landing area, depending on when the failure occurs. (B) Class 2 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of critical engine failure, it is able to safely continue the flight, except when the failure occurs prior to a defined point after takeoff or after a defined point before landing, in which case a forced landing may be required. (C) Class 3 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure at any point in the flight profile, a forced landing must be performed. Note 1: See also definitions for operations in performance Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3, below. Note 2: Helicopters operating as Class 1 or 2 should be certified as Category A. Helicopters operating as Class 3 should be certified as either Category A or B (or equivalent). Note 3: Some States use the term “rotorcraft” as an alternative to “helicopter.” (259) Helideck. A heliport located on a floating or fixed offshore structure. (260) Heliport. An aerodrome or defined area on a structure intended to be used wholly or in part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of helicopters. (261) Heliport operating minima. The limits of usability of a heliport for: (i) Take-off, expressed in terms of runway visual range and/or visibility and, if necessary, cloud conditions; (ii) Landing in 2D instrument approach operations, expressed in terms of visibility and/or runway visual range, minimum descent altitude/height (MDA/H) and, if necessary, cloud conditions; and (iii) Landing in 3D instrument approach operations, expressed in terms of visibility and/or runway visual range and decision altitude/height (DA/H) appropriate to the type and/or category of the operation. (262) High speed aural warning. A speed warning that is required for turbine-engined airplanes and airplanes with a Vmo/Mmo greater than 0.80 Vdf/Mdf or Vd/Md. (263) Holdover time. The estimated time de-icing/anti-icing fluid will prevent the formation of frost or ice and the accumulation of snow on the protected surfaces of an aircraft. Holdover time begins when the final application of de-icing or anti-icing fluid commences and expires when the de-icing or anti-icing fluid applied to the aircraft loses its effectiveness. (264) Housing. As it related to Approved Maintenance Organisations in Part 6 - Buildings, hangers, and other structures to accommodate the necessary equipment and materials of a maintenance organisation that— (i) Provide working space for the performance of maintenance, preventive maintenance, or modifications for which the maintenance organisation is approved and rated; and |
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