时间：2015-01-22 15:14来源：蓝天飞行翻译公司 作者：民航翻译 点击：次
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To view this page ensure that Adobe Flash Player version 9.0.124 or greater is installed. (363) Performance-based navigation (PBN). Area navigation based on performance requirements for aircraft operating along an ATS route, on an instrument approach procedure or in a designated airspace. Note: Performance requirements are expressed in navigation specifications (RNAV specification, RNP specification) in terms of accuracy, integrity, continuity, availability and functionality needed for the proposed operation in the context of a particular airspace concept. (364) Performance class 1 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure it is able to land on the rejected take-off area or safely continue the flight to an appropriate landing area. (365) Performance class 2 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure, it is able to safely continue the flight, except when the failure occurs prior to a defined point after take-off or after a defined point before landing, in which case a forced landing may be required. (366) Performance class 3 helicopter. A helicopter with performance such that, in case of engine failure at any point in the flight profile, a forced landing must be performed. (367) Performance criteria. A simple, evaluative statement on the required outcome of the competency element and a description of the criteria used to judge if the required level of performance has been achieved. (368) Person. Any individual, firm, partnership, corporation, company, association, joint stock association, or body politic, and includes any trustee, receiver, assignee, or other similar representative of these entities. (369) Pilot (to). To manipulate the flight controls of an aircraft during flight time. (370) Pilot in command (PIC). The pilot responsible for the operation and safety of the aircraft during flight time. The pilot designated by the operator, or in the case of general aviation, the owner, as being in command and charged with the safe conduct of the flight. (371) Pilot in command (PIC) under supervision. Co-pilot performing, under the supervision of the PIC, the duties and functions of a PIC, provided that the method of supervision employed is acceptable to the Licensing Authority. (372) Pilot time. That time a person— (i) Serves as a required pilot; (ii) Receives training from an authorised instructor in an aircraft, or an approved flight simulation training device; or (iii) Gives training as an authorised instructor in an aircraft, or an approved flight simulation training device. (373) Point of no return. The last possible geographic point at which an aeroplane can proceed to the destination aerodrome as well as to an available en route alternate aerodrome for a given flight. (374) Policy. A document containing a position or stance regarding a specific issue. (375) Procedure. A way of documenting a process. (376) Process. A set of interrelated or interacted activities which transforms inputs into outputs. (377) Powered-lift. A heavier-than-air aircraft capable of vertical takeoff, vertical landing, and low speed flight that depends principally on engine-driven lift devices or engine thrust for lift during these flight regimes and on nonrotating airfoil(s) for lift during horizontal flight. (378) Powerplant. An engine that is used or intended to be used for propelling aircraft. It includes turbo superchargers, appurtenances, and accessories necessary for its functioning, but does not include propellers. (379) Power-unit. A system of one or more engines and ancillary parts which are together necessary to provide thrust, independently of the continued operation of any other powered-unit(s), but not including short period thrust-producing devices. (380) Practical test. See Skill test. (381) Pre-flight inspection. The inspection carried out before flight to insure that the aircraft is fit for the intended flight. (382) Prescribed. A rule of construction in Part 1.1.1.1.(a)(8) that means the Authority has issued written policy or methodology which imposes either a mandatory requirement, if the written policy or methodology states “shall,” or a discretionary requirement if the written policy or methodology states “may.” (383) Primary standard. A standard defined and maintained by a State Authority and used to calibrate secondary standards. (384) Pressure-altitude. An atmospheric pressure expressed in terms of altitude which corresponds to that pressure in the Standard Atmosphere. (385) Pressurised aircraft. For airman-licensing purposes, means an aircraft that has a service ceiling or maximum operating altitude, whichever is lower, above 25,000 feet MSL. (386) Preventive maintenance. Simple or minor preservation operations and the replacement of small standard parts not involving complex assembly operations. (387) Problematic use of substances. The use of one or more psychoactive substances by aviation personnel in a way that: (i) Constitutes a direct hazard to the user or endangers the lives, health or welfare of others; and/or (ii) Causes or worsens an occupational, social, mental or physical problem or disorder. (388) Proficiency check. A competency test by a licence holder on the areas of operations contained in the skill test for a particular licence, certificate, rating, or authorisation that is conducted by an authorised representative of the Authority. (389) Prohibited area. An airspace of defined dimensions, above the land areas or territorial waters of a State, within which the flight of aircraft is prohibited. (390) Propeller. A device for propelling an aircraft that has blades on a powerplant driven shaft and that, when rotated, produces by its action on the air, a thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of rotation. It includes control components normally supplied by its manufacturer, but does not include main and auxiliary rotors or rotating airfoils of powerplants. (391) Proper shipping name. The name to be used to describe a particular article or substance in all shipping documents and notifications and, where appropriate, on packaging. (392) Psychoactive substances. Alcohol, opiods, canabinoids, sedatives and hypnotics, cocaine, other psychostimulants, hallucinogens, and volatile solvents, whereas coffee and tobacco are excluded. (393) Public aircraft. An aircraft used exclusively in the service of any government or of any political jurisdiction thereof, including the Government of [STATE], but not including any government owned aircraft engaged in operations which meet the definition of commercial air transport operations. (394) Qualification based training. Training designed to ensure that graduates demonstrate the necessary minimum skill, knowledge and experience levels to meet the qualification requirements of the licence, rating or privilege. (395) Quality. The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. (396) Quality assurance. Quality assurance, as distinguished from quality control, involves activities in the business, systems, and technical audit areas. A set of predetermined, systematic actions which are required to provide adequate confidence that a product or service satisfies quality requirements. (397) Quality audit. A systematic and independent examination to determine whether quality activities and related results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve objectives. (398) Quality control. The regulatory inspection process through which actual performance is compared with standards, such as the maintenance of standards of manufactured aeronautical products, and any difference is acted upon. (399) Quality inspection. That part of quality management involving quality control. In other words, inspections accomplished to observe events/actions/documents, etc., in order to verify whether established operational procedures and requirements are fulfilled during the accomplishment of the event or action, and whether the required standard is achieved. Student stage checks and skill tests are quality inspections, and they are also quality control functions. (400) Quality management. A management approach focused on the means to achieve product or service quality objectives through the use of its four key components: quality planning; quality control; quality assurance; and quality improvement. (401) Quality manager. The manager responsible for the monitoring function and for requesting remedial action. (402) Quality manual. The document containing the relevant information pertaining to the organisation’s quality assurance system. (403) Quality of training. The outcome of the training that meets stated or implied needs within the framework of set standards. (404) Quality system. Documented organisational procedures and policies; internal audit of those policies procedures; management review and recommendation for quality improvements. (405) Radiotelephony. A form of radiocommunication primarily intended for the exchange of information in the form of speech. (406) Rated air traffic controller. An air traffic controller holding a licence and valid ratings appropriate to the privileges to be exercised. (407) Rating. An authorisation entered on or associated with a licence or certificate and forming part thereof, stating special conditions, privileges or limitations pertaining to such licence or certificate. (408) Rebuild. The restoration of an aircraft/aeronautical product by using methods, techniques, and practices acceptable to the Authority, when it has been disassembled, cleaned, inspected as permitted, repaired as necessary, reassembled, and tested to the same tolerances and limits as a new item, using either new parts or used parts that conform to new part tolerances and limits. |
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