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民航规章 CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS 1

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(1) Flight instructional techniques including demonstration, student performance, student practices, recognition and correction of common student errors; and
(2) Have practised instructional techniques in those flight manoeuvres and procedures in which it is intended to provide flight instruction.
(f) Privileges.  The privileges of a flight engineer instructor licence and class rating are to give flight and ground instruction to flight engineer licence applicants and to endorse those applicants for a knowledge or skill test as applicable.
(g) Validity.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the validity period of the flight engineer instructor licence is 2 years.
(h) Renewal.  A flight engineer instructor licence that has not expired may be renewed for an additional 24 calendar months if the holder presents to the Authority evidence that he/she has within the past 12 months preceding the expiry date—
(1) Received refresher training acceptable to the Authority; or
(2) Conducted at least one of the following parts of an approved course for a flight engineer licence or class rating:
(3) One simulator session of at least 3 hours; or
(4) One flight exercise of at least 1 hour including at least 2 take-offs and landings.
(i) Reissue.  If the flight engineer instructor licence has expired, the applicant shall:
(1) Have received refresher training acceptable to the Authority; and
(2) Pass a skill test on the areas of operation listed in IS 2.4.4.4.
JAR-FCL 4, Subpart H
2.4.5.2 INSTRUCTOR AUTHORISATION FOR FLIGHT SIMULATION TRAINING
(a) Current or former holders of flight engineer licences, having instructional experience may apply for an authorisation to provide flight instruction in a flight simulation training device, provide the applicant has at least 1 year experience as instructor in flight simulation training devices.
(1) Skill.  The applicant shall have demonstrated in a skill test, in the category and in the class or type of aircraft for which instructor authorisation privileges are sought, the ability to instruct in those areas in which ground instruction is to be given.
(2) Privileges.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the privileges of the holder of an authorisation are to carry out instruction in a flight simulation training device for the issue of a class or type rating in the appropriate category of aircraft.
(3) Validity.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the validity period of an instructor authorisation for flight simulation training is 1 year.
(4) Renewal.  Renewal of the authorisation requires the successful completion of a proficiency check.
(5) Reissue.  If the authorisation has expired, the applicant must complete refresher training and successfully pass a skill test in the category and class or type of aircraft for which instructor authorisation privileges are sought.
JAR-FCL 4: 4.305; 4.405
2.4.6 DESIGNATED FLIGHT ENGINEER EXAMINERS
2.4.6.1 REQUIREMENTS
(a) Age.  An applicant for a designated flight engineer examiner shall be at least 21 years of age.
(b) Medical.  An applicant for a designated flight engineer examiner shall hold a Class 2 medical certificate.
(c) Eligibility.  An applicant for a designated flight engineer examiner shall:
(1) Hold at least the flight engineer licence and class rating for which examining authority is sought.
(2) Have a minimum of 1,500 hours flight time as a flight engineer.
(3) Have held a flight engineer instructor licence or company flight engineer check airman authorisation for preferably at least 1 year.
(4) Have a reputation for integrity and dependability in the industry and the community.
(5) Have a good record as a flight engineer in regard to accidents, incidents, and violations.
(6) Have flight engineer licence/class ratings and flight engineer instructor licence or check airman authorisation that have never been revoked for falsification or forgery.
(d) Knowledge.  The applicant for a designated flight engineer examiner shall pass a pre-designation knowledge test in the areas appropriate to the licence/class rating for which designation is sought.
(e) Skill test.  The applicant for a designated flight engineer examiner shall pass a skill test  on the items in IS 2.4.6.2 conducted by an inspector of the Authority who holds a current and valid flight engineer licence with appropriate class rating.
(f) Maintaining currency.  After designation, a designated flight engineer examiner shall maintain currency by:
(1) Attending initial and recurrent training provided by the Authority; and
(2) Maintain a current and valid:
(i) Flight engineer licence and applicable class rating; and
(ii) Class 1 medical certificate.
(g) Privileges.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the privileges of the flight engineer examiner’s designation are to conduct skill tests and proficiency checks for a flight engineer licence and applicable class rating as listed on the designated flight examiner’s certificate of designation and identification card.
(h) Validity.  Subject to compliance with the requirements specified in this Part, the validity period of the designated flight engineer examiner’s designation is 3 years.
(i) Renewal.
(1) Renewal will be at the discretion of the Authority.
(2) An applicant for renewal shall pass the appropriate skill test on the areas of operation listed in IS 2.4.6.2.
(j) Additional designations.  When the Authority deems it necessary for a designated flight engineer examiner to receive additional class rating designations, the designated flight engineer examiner shall meet all the requirements in this Part for the designation.
JAR FCL 4, Subpart H
FAA Order 8900.2, Chapter 7, Section 1
FAA Order 8900.1, Vol. 13, Chapter 2, Section 3, paragraph 13-108 (A)(B)
2.4.6.2 SKILL TEST FOR DESIGNATED FLIGHT ENGINEER EXAMINERS
(a) The requirements for the skill test for designated flight engineer examiners is included in IS 2.4.6.2
2.5 FLIGHT NAVIGATOR LICENCE
2.5.1 FLIGHT NAVIGATOR LICENCE, INSTRUCTORS AND DESIGNATED EXAMINERS
2.5.1.1 APPLICABILITY
(a) This section prescribes the requirements for the issue, renewal and re-issue of a flight navigator licence.
2.5.2 GENERAL RULE CONCERNING FLIGHT NAVIGATOR LICENCES
(a) A person shall not act as a flight navigator of an aircraft registered in [STATE] unless a valid licence is held showing compliance with the specifications of the Part 2 and appropriate to the duties to be performed by that person.
(b) An applicant shall, before being issued with a flight navigator licence, meet such requirements in respect of age, knowledge, experience, skill, medical fitness and language proficiency as are specified for that licence.
(c) An applicant shall for renewal or re-issue of a flight navigator licence, meet the requirements as are specified for that licence in this Part.
ICAO Annex 1: 1.2.1; 3.1.1
14 CFR: 63.3
2.5.3 AUTHORITY TO ACT AS A FLIGHT CREWMEMBER
(a) A person shall not act as a flight crewmember of an aircraft registered in [STATE] unless a valid licence is held showing compliance with the specifications of Part 2 and appropriate to the duties to be performed by that person.
(b) No person may act as the flight navigator of an aircraft unless that person holds the appropriate flight navigator licence.
ICAO Annex 1: 1.2.1; 3.1.1
14 CFR: 63.3
2.5.4 FLIGHT NAVIGATOR LICENCE
2.5.4.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
(a) Age. The applicant for a flight navigator licence shall be not less than 18 years of age.
(b) Medical:  The applicant for a flight navigator licence shall have a Class 2 medical certificate.
(c) Knowledge.  The applicant for a flight navigator licence shall receive and log ground training from an authorised instructor on the following subjects to the level of knowledge appropriate for the privileges of a flight navigator:
(1) Air Law:
(i) Rules and regulations relevant to the holder of a flight navigator licence; appropriate air traffic services practices and procedures.
(2) Flight performance and planning:
(i) Effects of loading and mass distribution on aircraft performance;
(ii) Use of take-off, landing and other performance data including procedures for cruise control; and
(iii) Pre-flight and en-route operational flight planning; preparation and filing of air traffic services flight plans; appropriate air traffic services procedures; altimeter setting procedures.
(3) Human performance:
(i)  Human performance relevant to the flight navigator, including principles of threat and error management.
Note:  Guidance material to design training programmes on human performance, including threat and error management, can be found in ICAO Doc 9683, Human Factors Training Manual.
(4) Meteorology:
(i) Interpretation and practical application of aeronautical meteorological reports, charts and forecasts; codes and abbreviations; use of, and procedures for obtaining, meteorological information, pre-flight and in-flight; altimetry; and
(ii) Aeronautical meteorology; climatology of relevant areas in respect of the elements having an effect upon aviation; the movement of pressure systems; the structure of fronts, and the origin and characteristics of significant weather phenomena which affect take-off, en-route and landing conditions.
(5) Navigation.
(i) Dead-reckoning, pressure-pattern and celestial navigation procedures; the use of aeronautical charts, radio navigation aids and area navigation systems; specific navigation requirements for long-range flights;
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