时间：2011-04-18 00:50来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次
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EXAMPLE. Cleveland Flight Watch, Cessna One Two Three Four Kilo, Mansfield V.O.R, over. 7.1.8 Meteorology d. Charts depicting the location of the flight watch control stations (parent facility) and the outlets they use are contained in the A/FD. If you do not know in which flight watch area you are flying, initiate contact by using the words “Flight Watch,” your aircraft identification, and the name of the nearest VOR. The facility will respond using the name of the flight watch facility. EXAMPLE. Flight Watch, Cessna One Two Three Four Kilo, Mansfield V.O.R, over. e.Radio outlets that provide En Route Flight Advisory Service are listed regionally in the A/FDs. f.EFAS is not intended to be used for filing or closing flight plans, position reporting, getting complete preflight briefings, or obtaining random weather reports and forecasts. En route flight advisories are tailored to the phase of flight that begins after climb-out and ends with descent to land. Immediate destination weather and terminal aero-drome forecasts will be provided on request. Pilots requesting information not within the scope of flight watch will be advised of the appropriate AFSS/FSS frequency to obtain the information. Pilot participa-tion is essential to the success of EFAS by providing a continuous exchange of information on weather, winds, turbulence, flight visibility, icing, etc., between pilots and flight watch specialists. Pilots are encouraged to report good weather as well as bad, and to confirm expected conditions as well as unexpected to EFAS facilities. 7.1.6. Inflight Aviation Weather Advisories a. Background 1.Inflight Aviation Weather Advisories are forecasts to advise en route aircraft of development of potentially hazardous weather. All inflight aviation weather advisories in the conterminous U.S. are issued by the Aviation Weather Center (AWC) in Kansas City, Missouri. The Weather Forecast Office (WFO) in Honolulu issues advisories for the Hawaiian Islands. In Alaska, the Alaska Aviation Weather Unit (AAWU) issues inflight aviation weather advisories. All heights are referenced MSL, except in the case of ceilings (CIG) which indicate AGL. 2.There are three types of inflight aviation weather advisories: the Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET), the Convective SIGMET and the Airmen’s Meteorological Information (AIRMET). All of these advisories use the same location identifiers (either VORs, airports, or well.known geographic areas) to describe the hazardous weather areas. See FIG 7.1.3 and FIG 7.1.4. Graphics with improved clarity can be found in the latest version of Advisory Circular AC 00.45, Aviation Weather Services, which is available on the following Web site: http://www.faa.gov. 3.Two other weather products supplement these Inflight Aviation Weather Advisories: (a)The Severe Weather Watch Bulle-tins (WWs), (with associated Alert Messages) (AWW), and (b)The Center Weather Advisories (CWAs). Meteorology 7.1.9 FIG 7.1.2 EFAS Radio Coverage Areas NOTE. EFAS radio coverage at 5000 feet AGL. The shaded areas depict limited coverage areas in which altitudes above 5000 feet AGL would be required to contact EFAS. 7.1.10 Meteorology FIG 7.1.3 Inflight Advisory Plotting Chart Meteorology 7.1.11 FIG 7.1.4 Geographical Areas and Terrain Features 7.1.12 Meteorology FIG 7.1.5 Aviation Area Forecasts FA Locations . Contiguous United States b. SIGMET (WS)/AIRMET (WA)SIGMETs/AIRMETs are issued corresponding to the Area Forecast (FA) areas described in FIG 7.1.5, FIG 7.1.6 and FIG 7.1.7. The maximum forecast period is 4 hours for SIGMETs and 6 hours for AIRMETs. Both advisories are considered “wide-spread” because they must be either affecting or be forecasted to affect an area of at least 3,000 square miles at any one time. However, if the total area to be affected during the forecast period is very large, it could be that in actuality only a small portion of this total area would be affected at any one time. Meteorology 7.1.13 FIG 7.1.6 Alaska Area Forecast Sectors FIG 7.1.7 Hawaii Area Forecast Locations 7.1.14 Meteorology c. SIGMET (WS)1. A SIGMET advises of nonconvective weather that is potentially hazardous to all aircraft. SIGMETs are unscheduled products that are valid for 4 hours. However, conditions that are associated with hurricanes are valid for 6 hours. Unscheduled updates and corrections are issued as necessary. In the conterminous U.S., SIGMETs are issued when the following phenomena occur or are expected to occur: (a)Severe icing not associated with thunder-storms. (b)Severe or extreme turbulence or clear air turbulence (CAT) not associated with thunderstorms. (c)Dust storms or sandstorms lowering surface or inflight visibilities to below 3 miles. (d) Volcanic ash. 2. In Alaska and Hawaii, SIGMETs are also issued for: (a)Tornadoes. (b)Lines of thunderstorms. (c)Embedded thunderstorms. (d) Hail greater than or equal to 3/4 inch in diameter. 3. SIGMETs are identified by an alphabetic designator from November through Yankee exclud-ing Sierra and Tango. (Sierra, Tango, and Zulu are reserved for AIRMETs.) The first issuance of a SIGMET will be labeled as UWS (Urgent Weather SIGMET). Subsequent issuances are at the forecast-er’s discretion. Issuance for the same phenomenon will be sequentially numbered, using the original designator until the phenomenon ends. For example, the first issuance in the Chicago (CHI) FA area for phenomenon moving from the Salt Lake City (SLC) FA area will be SIGMET Papa 3, if the previous two issuances, Papa 1 and Papa 2, had been in the SLC FA area. Note that no two different phenomena across the country can have the same alphabetic designator at the same time. |
