时间：2011-04-18 00:47来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次
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2.Transponder. This airborne radar beacon transmitter-receiver automatically receives the sig-nals from the interrogator and selectively replies with a specific pulse group (code) only to those interrogations being received on the mode to which it is set. These replies are independent of, and much stronger than a primary radar return. 3.Radarscope. The radarscope used by the controller displays returns from both the primary radar system and the ATCRBS. These returns, called targets, are what the controller refers to in the control and separation of traffic. b. The job of identifying and maintaining identification of primary radar targets is a long and tedious task for the controller. Some of the advantages of ATCRBS over primary radar are: 1.Reinforcement of radar targets. 2.Rapid target identification. 3.Unique display of selected codes. c. A part of the ATCRBS ground equipment is the decoder. This equipment enables a controller to assign discrete transponder codes to each aircraft under his/her control. Normally only one code will be assigned for the entire flight. Assignments are made by the ARTCC computer on the basis of the National Beacon Code Allocation Plan. The equipment is also designed to receive Mode C altitude information from the aircraft. NOTE. Refer to figures with explanatory legends for an illustration of the target symbology depicted on radar scopes in the NAS Stage A (en route), the ARTS III (terminal) Systems, and other nonautomated (broadband) radar systems. (See FIG 4.5.2 and FIG 4.5.3.)d. It should be emphasized that aircraft transpond-ers greatly improve the effectiveness of radar systems. REFERENCE. AIM, Transponder Operation, Paragraph 4.1.20. 4.5.2 Surveillance Systems FIG 4.5.2 ARTS III Radar Scope With Alphanumeric Data NOTE. A number of radar terminals do not have ARTS equipment. Those facilities and certain ARTCCs outside the contiguous U.S. would have radar displays similar to the lower right hand subset. ARTS facilities and NAS Stage A ARTCCs, when operating in the nonautomation mode, would also have similar displays and certain services based on automation may not be available. Surveillance Systems 4.5.3 EXAMPLE. 1.Areas of precipitation (can be reduced by CP)2. Arrival/departure tabular list 3.Trackball (control) position symbol (A)4. Airway (lines are sometimes deleted in part)5. Radar limit line for control 6.Obstruction (video map)7. Primary radar returns of obstacles or terrain (can be removed by MTI)8. Satellite airports 9.Runway centerlines (marks and spaces indicate miles)10. Primary airport with parallel runways 11.Approach gates 12.Tracked target (primary and beacon target) 13.Control position symbol 14.Untracked target select code (monitored) with Mode C readout of 5,000’ 15.Untracked target without Mode C 16.Primary target 17.Beacon target only (secondary radar) (transponder)18. Primary and beacon target 19.Leader line 20.Altitude Mode C readout is 6,000’ (Note: readouts may not be displayed because of nonreceipt of beacon information, garbled beacon signals, and flight plan data which is displayed alternately with the altitude readout)21. Ground speed readout is 240 knots (Note: readouts may not be displayed because of a loss of beacon signal, a controller alert that a pilot was squawking emergency, radio failure, etc.)22. Aircraft ID 23.Asterisk indicates a controller entry in Mode C block. In this case 5,000’ is entered and “05” would alternate with Mode C readout. 24.Indicates heavy 25.“Low ALT” flashes to indicate when an aircraft’s predicted descent places the aircraft in an unsafe proximity to terrain. (Note: this feature does not function if the aircraft is not squawking Mode C. When a helicopter or aircraft is known to be operating below the lower safe limit, the “low ALT” can be changed to “inhibit” and flashing ceases.)26. NAVAIDs 27.Airways 28.Primary target only 29.Nonmonitored. No Mode C (an asterisk would indicate nonmonitored with Mode C)30. Beacon target only (secondary radar based on aircraft transponder)31. Tracked target (primary and beacon target) control position A 32.Aircraft is squawking emergency Code 7700 and is nonmonitored, untracked, Mode C 33.Controller assigned runway 36 right alternates with Mode C readout (Note: a three letter identifier could also indicate the arrival is at specific airport)34. Ident flashes 35.Identing target blossoms 36.Untracked target identing on a selected code 37.Range marks (10 and 15 miles) (can be changed/offset)38. Aircraft controlled by center 39.Targets in suspend status 40.Coast/suspend list (aircraft holding, temporary loss of beacon/target, etc.)41. Radio failure (emergency information)42. Select beacon codes (being monitored)43. General information (ATIS, runway, approach in use)44. Altimeter setting 45.Time 46.System data area |
