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直升机飞行员手册 直升机操作手册 The Helicopter Pilot’s Handbook

时间:2011-04-05 11:37来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空 点击:

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General Precautions
Deposits must be swept away
from hinge areas and system intakes, and the sprays themselves should not be directed to them, since the fluid may be further diluted by the melting ice it is designed to remove, and may refreeze. It may also cause smearing on cockpit windows and loss of vision during take-off.
Afterwards, confirm that flying and control surfaces are clear and move over their full range, and intake and drain holes are free of obstructions. Jet engine compressors should be rotated by hand to ensure they are not frozen in position.
Further Precautions
Holdover time can be affected by high winds or jet blasts damaging the fluid film, and skin temperatures can be significantly lower than the OAT, which makes them a more representative entry point into the tables above.

 

Recording Of Flight Times
Flight times in personal logbooks are from first movement under power until rotor rundown. Those in Tech or Journey Logs, by contrast, are from take-off to landing only, sometimes entered in decimal hours. It's common practice, when several flights are made per hour without closing down (as with pleasure flying), to record the first take-off and last landing times and to note the actual airborne time in between.
There are many ways of doing this, the most accurate using a stopwatch, but there is an unofficial and widely used practice (by arrangement with your Inspector), when doing lots of sectors between engine starts, of using two thirds of the total time between first take-off and last landing. Accountants love it, but engineers don't, as they regard the wear and tear as still taking place. Too much of this will really play havoc with servicing schedules (and profit and loss figures) as parts will wear out quicker than anticipated, despite the 'fudge factor' allowed when setting up maintenance requirements.

Timings should be local, unless consistently in another time zone.

Passenger Safety
How to handle passengers in general is very much a matter of Company policy. Some like to be spoken to, some don't, but there are some small attentions you can give without being obtrusive. Just going round checking seat belts and doors helps (never trust a passenger to shut doors properly), as is a look over your shoulder before take-off and occasionally during the flight.
People new to flying are fairly obvious, and they may not appreciate such commonplace occurrences (to you, anyway) as noise, turbulence, pressure changes or lack of toilets. However, you are responsible for the safety and well-being of your passengers. You are supposed to brief them before every flight, or at least take all reasonable steps to do so, although what you can do with the nose of your helicopter in the side of a mountain and your hands on the controls is a bit different from what you can do on the ground with a bit more time, so try and get as much done as possible beforehand.
A lot depends on what your passengers are doing when they arrive – if you’re going to shut down, tell them to stay seated until everything stops (it helps to explain why you have to sit there for 2 minutes). If it involves a running disembarkation (other than Pleasure Flying), one passenger should operate the baggage door and do the unloading. Everyone else must leave the rotor disc area.

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