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直升机飞行员手册 直升机操作手册 The Helicopter Pilot’s Handbook

时间:2011-04-05 11:37来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空 点击:

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The key to getting out of a confined area is to get as much climb as possible going before you start to lose ground effect at approximately 1 rotor diameter. Hover low to start with, so you have more power available to initiate a good climb (use all the power you have). Once established in the (vertical) climb, the same power is used to maintain it, since it takes more to accelerate in the first place.
Finally, bear in mind that all your passengers will be competent professionals in their own field and will be used to helicopters, probably flying with several companies aside from yours. All they will be interested in is safe transport, so give them a smooth flight and a good briefing. Word gets around.


Avalanche Control
This involves applying explosive charges to selected places in an avalanche start zone, so you need permission to carry Dangerous Goods. You must be precise, and there will be a qualified Blaster (Bombardier) on board to dispense the explosives, who will have a body harness secured to the helicopter in two places – it must not have a quick-release mechanism. The doors will be off, so you need to dress properly and watch your speeds and C of G, especially lateral. In fact, the weight of explosives and people required for the job must not be more than 75% of the useful payload. Ski baskets, or any other restrictions to dropping must be removed beforehand.
The area should naturally be closed. Primers must be prepared before entering the aircraft and pull-wires carried separately – none are to be adjusted inside, and they are to remain in the same container at all times. Only the explosives to be used on a particular sector should be carried, and they must be pushed away from the bombardier’s seat position where you can see them, not above, behind or below. You have 90 seconds after dropping the first bomb to do the rest before you must pull away to a safe area for observation. If there is no assistant, that is, just you and the bombardier are on board, you can only drop three charges anyway.


Aerial Harvesting
Removing tree crowns or cones from standing trees with a helicopter, for monitoring the progress of growth, insect or disease infestation, and pesticide or fertiliser trails. There are two ways of doing it. The first involves an unmanned device underneath the machine which uses the downwash to separate foliage from the tree, which ends up in the device. A Branch Collector cuts branches from the main stem, a Rake collects cones by stripping them from the foliage with stationary or moving tines, and a Top Collector takes away the upper portion of the tree crown.
The second is really aerial clipping, since it is done by someone from the rear door with an battery-powered electric chainsaw while you hover near the top of the tree. Whatever is cut ends up in the helicopter, so there is a barrier between the two parts of the cabin so you don’t get a bump on the head. Believe it or not, this was originally done with a steel box with retractable doors, the edges of which cut the tree as the box was lifted up from it, but it proved to be slow and cumbersome, and strained the equipment too much.

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