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直升机飞行员手册 直升机操作手册 The Helicopter Pilot’s Handbook

时间:2011-04-05 11:37来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空 点击:

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Excessive Fuel Flow

Symptoms are increasing NG, T4 and Torque. First of all, do not reduce collective. Next, reduce fuel flow until rotor speed corresponds to a position of the indicator pointer in the centre of the green area. Continue flight with the governor out of action. If you reduce the collective, you will have to make a corresponding adjustment in the fuel flow as the RPM will increase. Make a low approach at 65 kts, holding the rotor at the upper limit of the green area (394 RPM) with the fuel flow control (you can leave it alone during finals, as the rotor speed will drop when you increase collective). After touchdown, reduce the fuel flow before decreasing collective.

Surging
Symptoms are oscillations of RPM, Torque and T4, and jerks in the yaw axis. The initial reaction should be to change the collective setting. If surging carries on while fuel and engine oil pressures are correct, reduce fuel flow slightly to take it out of the governed range. If you still get it, land as soon as possible and shut down.

Engine Fire
During Start
.  
Close the fuel shutoff cock and apply rotor brake

.
Switch off the booster pumps

.  
Crank engine for 10 seconds, then switch off battery


.  Fight the fire with extinguishers or whatever
In Flight
.
Enter autorotation

.  
Shut down the engine by closing the fuel shutoff cock

.  
Switch off the booster pumps, generator and alternator

.  
If a smell of burning, switch off the electrical master

 

Smoke in the cabin
If you can identify where the smoke is coming from, shut down the offending system and use the fire extinguisher if necessary (it could be hydraulic fluid being pulled through the engine). Ventilate the cabin.
If you don't know where the smoke is coming from, turn off the heater. If that doesn't work, switch off the electrical master, then all systems, including the generator and alternator once the smoke has cleared. Reset the electrical master, and switch on the generator again, checking the voltage and current. Switch the systems back on, one by one, until the problem is identified.

 

Checklists
Check moveable parts, metal and wiring (as applicable) for lubrication, servicing, security of attachment, binding, excessive wear, security, proper operation and adjustment, correct travel, cracked fittings, security of hinges, defective bearings, cleanliness, corrosion, deformation, sealing, condition of paint and tension.

In particular. check the cowling security, as many hinges are quite flimsy, and the bolts that secure the rear door at the top and bottom on each side.
Daily Check
Remove all engine blanking plates and fuselage covers.
Ensure that the area is clear, external power and fire extinguishers are available if required, frost, ice, slush and snow is removed (particularly on the upper surfaces of main rotor blades, aerials, air intakes/outlets and undercarriage). Aircraft documents should be available and in order.

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