时间：2011-04-18 00:52来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次
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SCT . . . . . . . . . scattered (3/8s to 4/8s of clouds)BKN . . . . . . . . . broken (5/8s to 7/8s of clouds)OVC . . . . . . . . . overcast (8/8s clouds)CB . . . . . . . . . . Cumulonimbus when present TCU . . . . . . . . . Towering cumulus when present NOTE. 1.“SKC” will be reported at manual stations. “CLR” will be used at automated stations when no clouds below 12,000 feet are reported. 2.A ceiling layer is not designated in the METAR code. For aviation purposes, the ceiling is the lowest broken or overcast layer, or vertical visibility into an obscuration. Also there is no provision for reporting thin layers in the METAR code. When clouds are thin, that layer shall be reported as if it were opaque. (b)Height. Cloud bases are reported with three digits in hundreds of feet. (Clouds above 12,000 feet cannot be reported by an automated station). (c)(Type). If Towering Cumulus Clouds (TCU) or Cumulonimbus Clouds (CB) are present, they are reported after the height which represents their base. EXAMPLE. (Reported as) SCT025TCU BKN080 BKN250 (spoken as) “TWO THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED SCATTERED TOWERING CUMULUS, CEILING EIGHT THOUSAND BROKEN, TWO FIVE THOUSAND BROKEN.” (Reported as) SCT008 OVC012CB (spoken as) “EIGHT HUNDRED SCATTERED CEILING ONE THOUSAND TWO HUNDRED OVERCAST CUMULONIMBUS CLOUDS.” (d) Vertical Visibility (indefinite ceiling height). The height into an indefinite ceiling is preceded by “VV” and followed by three digits indicating the vertical visibility in hundreds of feet. This layer indicates total obscuration. EXAMPLE. 1/8 SM FG VV006 . visibility one eighth, fog, indefinite ceiling six hundred. (e) Obscurations are reported when the sky is partially obscured by a ground.based phenomena by indicating the amount of obscuration as FEW, SCT, BKN followed by three zeros (000). In remarks, the obscuring phenomenon precedes the amount of obscuration and three zeros. EXAMPLE. BKN000 (in body) . . . . . . . . “sky partially obscured” FU BKN000 (in remarks) . . . “smoke obscuring five. to seven.eighths of the sky” (f) When sky conditions include a layer aloft, other than clouds, such as smoke or haze the type of phenomena, sky cover and height are shown in remarks. EXAMPLE. BKN020 (in body) . . . . . . . . “ceiling two thousand broken” RMK FU BKN020 . . . . . . . . “broken layer of smoke aloft, based at two thousand” (g) Variable ceiling. When a ceiling is below three thousand and is variable, the remark “CIG” will be shown followed with the lowest and highest ceiling heights separated by a “V.” EXAMPLE. CIG 005V010 . . . . . . . . . . . . “ceiling variable between five hundred and one thousand” (h) Second site sensor. When an automated station uses meteorological discontinuity sensors, remarks will be shown to identify site specific sky conditions which differ and are lower than conditions reported in the body. EXAMPLE. CIG 020 RY11 . . . . . . . . . . . “ceiling two thousand at runway one one” (i) Variable cloud layer. When a layer is varying in sky cover, remarks will show the variability range. If there is more than one cloud layer, the variable layer will be identified by including the layer height. EXAMPLE. SCT V BKN . . . . . . . . . . . . . “scattered layer variable to broken” BKN025 V OVC . . . . . . . . . “broken layer at two thousand five hundred variable to overcast” 7.1.64 Meteorology (j)Significant clouds. When significant clouds are observed, they are shown in remarks, along with the specified information as shown below: (1)Cumulonimbus (CB), or Cumulonim-bus Mammatus (CBMAM), distance (if known), direction from the station, and direction of movement, if known. If the clouds are beyond 10 miles from the airport, DSNT will indicate distance. EXAMPLE. CB W MOV E . . . . . . . “cumulonimbus west moving east” CBMAM DSNT S . . . . “cumulonimbus mammatus distant south” (2) Towering Cumulus (TCU), location, (if known), or direction from the station. EXAMPLE. TCU OHD . . . . . . . . . “towering cumulus overhead” TCU W . . . . . . . . . . . . “towering cumulus west” (3) Altocumulus Castellanus (ACC), Stra-tocumulus Standing Lenticular (SCSL), Altocumulus Standing Lenticular (ACSL), Cirrocu-mulus Standing Lenticular (CCSL) or rotor clouds, describing the clouds (if needed) and the direction from the station. EXAMPLE. ACC W . . . . . . . . . . . . . “altocumulus castellanus west” ACSL SW.S . . . . . . . . . “standing lenticular altocumulus southwest through south” APRNT ROTOR CLD S “apparent rotor cloud south” CCSL OVR MT E . . . . . “standing lenticular cirrocumulus over the mountains east” 10. Temperature/Dew Point. Temperature and dew point are reported in two, two-digit groups in degrees Celsius, separated by a solidus (“/”). Temperatures below zero are prefixed with an “M.” If the temperature is available but the dew point is missing, the temperature is shown followed by a solidus. If the temperature is missing, the group is omitted from the report. EXAMPLE. 15/08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “temperature one five, dew point 8” 00/M02 . . . . . . . . . . . . “temperature zero, dew point minus 2” M05/ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “temperature minus five, dew point missing” 11. Altimeter. Altimeter settings are reported in a four-digit format in inches of mercury prefixed with an “A” to denote the units of pressure. |
