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教员手册 INSTRUCTORS MANUAL 飞行教员手册

时间:2011-11-08 20:34来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空 点击:

1.4.4 Law of primacy
According to the law of primacy, that which is learned first often creates an almost unshakable impression. A student with an improper landing technique is more difficult to teach than the one who has formed no specific ideas about proper landings. Due to this factor, the instructor must teach the student properly the first time, so that at some later date, the double task of unlearning the wrong and then learning the correct method will not be necessary.

1.4.5 Law of intensity
The law of intensity states that an exciting experience teaches more than a boring experience. The more a learning experience is related to the real thing, the more valuable it is, because it is vivid and stimulating. It is easy to put a student to sleep while talking about flying, but attention rarely lapses while practicing precision maneuvers. It is up to the classroom instructor to use imagination and innovations such as visual aids and panel discussions.

 

1.4.6 Law of recency
The law of recency indicates that when other things are equal, that which was learned most Recently is easier to recall. A fact learned but not recalled or used in a particular application for an extended period of time is difficult to recall. (A telephone number dialed moments before is easy to recall, but two hours later may not be recalled at all.)
1.5 FACTORS EFFECTING LEARNING PROCESS
Learning has been defined as a change in behavior as a result of experiences. To understand how experiences change behavior, it is helpful to know some of the factors involved in the learning experiences and how they affect the learning process.
1.5.1 PERCEPTION
Perception is the basis of all learning. Perceptions may be directed to the brain by one or more of the senses. In flight training, the eyes, ears, and the muscular sense of changing position (kinesthesia) are the most important. The student's full use of all perceptive channels is important, since the behavior change sought is the result of all the perceptions introduced. The sense inputs to the brain initially produce only awareness; they become perception when they are given meaning. The meaning of these perceptions, then, comes from within the individual, and may be modified by several factors. A knowledge of these factors given below, is very important to an instructor.

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