时间：2011-11-08 20:34来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次
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2.1.2 Superior instructors never lose their awareness of the fact that students are human beings. The needs of students generally can be organized by their level of importance. The least important of the list of needs, is the physical needs. Each person is first concerned with a need for food, rest, exercise, and protection from the elements. Until these needs are satisfied, a person cannot concentrate fully on any other task at hand. Once a need is satisfied, it no longer provides motivation, because a want that is satisfied is no longer a want. Thus, the person strives to satisfy the needs of the next higher level. At the top of the list is self-fulfillment-realizing one's own potentials for continued development and creativity in the broadest sense of the term. These needs offer the greatest challenge to instructors, and assisting in their fulfillment brings the greatest rewards. 2.2 DEFENCE MECHANISM OF STUDENTS When someone or something prevents people from achieving their goals, they become frustrated, and cannot give their full attention to learning. People react to frustration in many ways. By observing the reactions of students, instructors can recognize their behavior patterns and identify those whose problems interfere with their work. 2.2.1 Rationalization If students cannot accept the real reason for their behavior, they may rationalize. This allows them to substitute excuses for reasons; moreover, they can make those excuses plausible and acceptable to themselves. Rationalization is a subconscious method for justifying an action which is otherwise unacceptable, and the individuals sincerely believe their excuses are real and fully justifiable. 2.2.2 Aggression Anger is a normal universal emotion. Angry persons may shout, swear, slam a door, or give vent to the heat of their emotions in a number of different ways.. Because of social restrictions, aggressiveness in the classroom usually takes a more subtle form. Students may ask irrelevant questions, refuse to participate in class activities, or disrupt activities within their group. When this happens, of course, they cannot learn. |
