3.4 TYPES OF LECTURES
3.4.1 Oral Presentations :
Oral presentations take many forms. Of the various approaches, instructors seem to favor the four.
.
Illustrated Talk

.
Briefing

.
Formal Speech

.
Teaching Lecture

3.4.1.1 Illustrated Talk
In the illustrated talk, the speaker conveys most of the main ideas through the use of visual aids. Speech is used merely to describe or clarify the ideas the visual aids introduce. Audiovisual programs are a more formal version of the illustrated talk method. In the audiovisual presentation, the instructor needs only to amplify the points not fully understood by the students by answering their questions.
3.4.1.2 Briefing
In a briefing, the speaker presents an array of significant facts as concisely as possible. Details are avoided unless they are critical and necessary. The briefer provides supplementary material only if asked to do so. The preflight briefing exemplifies this type of presentation. The instructor explains what will be done on the simulator/ flight, the maneuvers to be reviewed, new maneuvers to be introduced, and what is to be expected of the student. In a briefing, the instructor does not attempt to develop basic knowledge or understanding, but only to inform.
3.4.1.3 Formal Speech
The formal speech generally is designed to inform, persuade, or entertain. Each type of formal speech has its own special characteristics.
The speech to inform is a narration concerning a particular topic. This type of speech usually is not related to any sustained effort to teach something. A travelogue is an excellent example of a speech to inform.
The speech to persuade is designed to move an audience to take action pertinent to some topic, product, way of life, or other matter. Like the informative speech, the speech to persuade is generally an isolated event that is not related to any sequence of oral presentations. Recruiting speeches to a graduating class, political speeches, and sermons are examples of persuasive speeches. The purpose of the speech to entertain is to give enjoyment to the members of the audience. The speaker usually relies on humor and vivid language as a primary means of entertaining the listeners. The after dinner speech is frequently a presentation of this type. While speeches to inform, persuade, or entertain serve useful purposes, they are not designed to further the education of those who hear them and, therefore, are of little or no use to an instructor.