直升机飞行教员手册 Helicopter Flight Instructor Manual

时间：2012-06-08 09:45来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次

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Rapid decelerations straight ahead are a useful exercise for developing coordination and accuracy during training. They are also a means of aborting a departure from larger confined areas. Those involving a level minimum radius turn have practical application in the avoidance of obstacles or bad weather conditions under operational conditions.
Airmanship
? Lookout
? Engine and airframe limitations.
Teaching Points
Straight ahead into wind
Describe how to carry out a rapid deceleration straight ahead into wind as follows:
From cruise at 30 to 50 feet AGL, commence a gentle flare.
At low forward speed, start levelling the helicopter. Anticipate loss of translational lift and establish a hover. Maintain height throughout with the collective. Maintain RPM throughout with the throttle.
Prevent yaw with the pedals.
Explain that the deceleration will initially be gentle and gradual, from a fairly low speed of entry, in order to concentrate on smoothness and accuracy. The manoeuvre can be speeded-up as necessary after the basic ability has been acquired.
Explain that when you are making a more rapid deceleration there is a larger change of attitude in the flare and a greater resultant tendency to gain height. This, in turn, will require larger collective movements to prevent a climb and larger pedal movements to prevent yaw.
Point out that at no time should the flare be so harsh that it is necessary to split the needles in order to prevent an overspeed. It is important, however, to explain and demonstrate the recovery sequence should this happen inadvertently.
Review the dangers of potential vortex ring state when reducing speed downwind or height is lost at low or no forward airspeed.
With level turn into wind
Describe the technique for performing a rapid deceleration involving a level turn of up to 180° into wind, as follows:
From cruise at 30 to 50 feet AGL, from level flight,commence a level, balanced turn.

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