航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中

时间：2011-03-11 23:13来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：admin 点击：次

Gear backlash is measured by holding one gear still and measuring, with a dial indicator, the amount the meshing gear can move back and forth. Service manuals for equipment using gears specify the amount of gear backlash required.
gear-driven supercharger (aircraft reciprocating engine component). An air compressor driven by gears from the crankshaft of a reciprocating engine. Power is taken from the engine to drive the supercharger, but the increase in power produced by compressing the intake air more than compensates for the loss. Gear-driven superchargers are not as efficient as turbochargers, because the power used to drive a turbocharger would otherwise be wasted.
geared-fan engine (aircraft gas turbine engine). A type of turbofan engine using a set of reduction gears between the first stage of the gas generator compressor and the fan. By using reduction gears, the fan can turn slowly enough that its tip speed is held below the speed of sound. And at the same time, the gas generator compressor can turn at speeds high enough for it to be efficient.
geared propeller (aircraft engine). A propeller on an aircraft engine that is driven from the crankshaft through a set of reduction gears. The engine is allowed to operate at a speed at which it is most efficient, and the propeller turns slowly enough that its tips do not exceed the speed of sound.
gear preload. The amount of pressure applied in a gear system to keep the gears meshed.
gear-type pump. A type of power-driven pump used to move such fluids as fuel and oil. A gear-type pump is a constant-displacement pump using two meshing spur gears, mounted in a close-fitting housing.
Fluid is taken into the housing where it fills the space between the teeth of the gears, and it is carried around the housing as the gears rotate. On the discharge side of the pump, the gear teeth mesh, and the fluid is forced out of the pump.

gelled cell (batteries). A type of lead-acid battery cell that has a gelling agent added to the electrolyte to make it nonspillable. Gelled-cell batteries are used for portable operations.
genemotor (electrical machine). A type of electrical machine used to change low-voltage direct current from a storage battery into high-voltage DC for operating some types of communications equipment. A genemotor has two armatures on a single shaft. One armature and one set of field coils are for the DC motor. The other armature and set of field coils are for the high-voltage generator. Genemotors are also called dynamotors.
general aviation. A term used to describe the total field of aviation operation other than the military and the airlines. General aviation includes business flying (corporate, or executive), agricultural aviation, personal flying for sport or pleasure, flight schools, and flying clubs. The manufacturers of the aircraft and the maintenance facilities that service them are also a part of general aviation.
general aviation district office. See GADO.
General Aviation Airworthiness Alerts. Documents furnished by the FAA to technicians alerting them of problems that have been found in specific models of aircraft, and reported on Malfunction and Defect Reports. Airworthiness Alerts suggest corrective action, but compliance with the suggestion is not mandatory. Alerts include items that have been reported to be significant, but which have not been fully evaluated at the time the material went to press. See Malfunction and Defect Report.

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