时间：2011-03-11 23:13来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：admin 点击：次
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IFR aircraft (air traffic control). An aircraft conducting flight in accordance with instrument flight rules. IFR conditions. 14 CFR Part 1: “Weather conditions below the minimums allowed for flight under visual flight rules.” IFR military training routes (air traffic control). Routes used by the Department of Defense and associated Reserve and Air Guard units for the purpose of conducting low-altitude navigation and tactical training in both IFR and VFR weather conditions below 10,000 feet MSL at airspeeds in excess of 250 knots IAS. IFR over-the-top. 14 CFR Part 1: “With respect to the operation of aircraft, means the operation of an aircraft over-the-top on an IFR flight plan when cleared by air traffic control to maintain ‘VFR conditions’ or ‘VFR conditions on top’.” IFR takeoff minimums and departure procedures (air traffic control). Minimums listed in 14 CFR Part 91, prescribing standard takeoff rules for certain civil users. At some airports, obstructions or other factors require the establishment of nonstandard takeoff minimums, departure procedures, or both, to assist pilots in avoiding obstacles during climb to the minimum en route altitude. Those airports are listed in NOS/DOD Instrument Approach Charts (IAPs) under a section entitled “IFR Takeoff Minimums and Departure Procedures.” The NOS/DOD IAP chart legend illustrates the symbol used to alert the pilot to nonstandard takeoff minimums and departure procedures. When departing IFR from such airports or from any airports where there are no departure procedures, SIDs or ATC facilities available, pilots should advise ATC of any departure limitations. Controllers may query a pilot to determine acceptable departure directions, turns, or headings after takeoff. Pilots should be familiar with the departure procedures and must assure that their aircraft can meet or exceed any specified climb gradients. IGFET (insulated gate field effect transistor). A field-effect transistor whose gate is insulated from the channel by a layer of silicon oxide. igniter (gas turbine engine component). A component in a gas turbine engine used to ignite the fuel-air mixture when the engine is being started. Some igniters resemble spark plugs used in reciprocating engines, while others are glow plugs heated yellow-hot with electrical current. |
