航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中

时间：2011-03-11 23:13来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：admin 点击：次

A dipstick is the normal method used for measuring the amount of lubricating oil in the sump of an engine and the amount of hydraulic fluid in a reservoir.
direct (flight operation). Straight-line flight between two navigation fixes.
direct-arc furnace (metallurgy). A type of electric furnace used to melt metal. The metal is placed in a container lined with a material that can withstand extremely high temperatures, and a carbon rod is lowered to contact the metal. Electrical current is then forced to flow between the rod and the metal.
While current is flowing, the rod is slowly pulled away, and as it breaks contact, an intensely hot arc forms between the rod and the metal. This arc melts the metal.
direct-cranking electric starter (reciprocating engine starter). A high-torque DC motor used to crank a reciprocating engine for starting.
directional antenna (radio antenna). An antenna which radiates stronger signals in one direction than in others.
directional gyro. A flight instrument used in airplanes and helicopters, using a gyro-stabilized compass card to show the direction in which the nose of the aircraft is pointed.
A directional gyro does not align itself with magnetic north, and it must be set to point to magnetic north either by hand or by driving it with some form of magnetic compass.
directionally solidified (turbine blade manufacturing). A method of manufacturing turbine blades in which the blades are cast and removed from the casting furnace in such a way that all of the crystals in the metal form columnar grains extending along the length of the blade.
directional stability (aircraft stability). The stability of an aircraft about its vertical axis. Directional stability causes an aircraft to return to straight flight after it has been disturbed by a yawing or side-slipping action.

direction finder. See DF.
dirigible. A large, steerable, cigar-shaped, self-propelled lighter-than-air craft. Dirigibles are made of a rigid truss structure covered with fabric. Gas bags inside the structure contain the lifting gas, which may be either hydrogen or helium.
discontinuity. In nondestructive inspection, any interruption in the normal physical structure or configuration of a part. A discontinuity may or may not affect the usefulness of a part.
discreet. Having good judgment. A discreet action is one that gives the desired results without being showy or calling attention to itself.
discrete. Separate, not continuous. A discrete change is made in a number of separate steps, rather than in a continuous, smooth movement.
discrete code (air traffic control). As used in the air traffic control radar beacon system (ATCRBS), a discrete code is any one of the 4096 selectable Mode 3/A aircraft transponder codes except those ending in zero zero. Examples of discrete codes are 0010, 1201, 2317, and 7777.
Nondiscrete codes, such as 0100, 1200, and 7700, are normally reserved for radar facilities that are not equipped with discrete decoding capability and for other purposes such as emergencies (7700) and VFR aircraft (1200).

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