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航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 中

时间:2011-03-11 23:13来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:admin 点击:


logic state. The logic condition of a conductor in a piece of digital electronic equipment — that is, whether the conductor is carrying a logic zero or a logic one.
logic zero. One of the two conditions (zero and one) used when working with digital electronic equipment. A logic zero represents a NO or a FALSE condition, and it is produced by an open switch or by no voltage.
lomcovàk (aerobatic maneuver). A family of high-precision maneuvers in which the gyroscopic action of the propeller works with the aerodynamic forces to cause the airplane to tumble end over end and rotate about all three of its axes.
longeron (aircraft structural component). The main longitudinal, load-bearing members of a truss-type aircraft fuselage.
longitude (navigation). The angular east-west measurement of location on the earth’s surface. The surface of the earth is divided by 360 meridians, or lines of longitude, that pass through both the north and south poles. The meridian passing through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, near London, England, is 0° longitude and is called the prime meridian. On the opposite side of the earth is the 180° meridian. Longitude east of the prime meridian is called east longitude, and that west of the prime meridian is called west longitude.
longitudinal axis of an aircraft. An imaginary line through an aircraft from nose to tail, passing through its center of gravity. The longitudinal axis is also called the roll axis of the aircraft. Movement of the ailerons rotates an airplane about its longitudinal axis. See axes of an aircraft.

longitudinal magnetization. A method of magnetizing a part for magnetic particle inspection. Current flows through a solenoid, or coil, that encircles the part so the lines of magnetic flux pass lengthwise through it. Longitudinal magnetism makes it possible to detect faults that extend across the part.
longitudinal separation (air traffic control). The longitudinal spacing of aircraft at the same altitude by a minimum distance expressed in units of time or miles.
longitudinal stability (aircraft stability). The tendency of an airplane to remain level about its lateral axis. (The lateral axis passes through the center of gravity and extends outward parallel to the span of the wing.) Longitudinal stability, also called pitch stability, is provided by a downward aerodynamic load on the horizontal tail surface. The center of gravity, which does not change with airspeed, causes the airplane to rotate nose-down about its lateral axis. The tail load, which does change with airspeed, is located behind the center of gravity, and it causes the airplane to rotate nose-up about its lateral axis.
If the nose pitches down, the airspeed builds up, and the downward tail load increases. This brings the nose back to a level flight attitude. If the nose pitches up, the airspeed slows down, and the tail load decreases. The center of gravity causes the nose to return to a level flight attitude.

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