航空术语词典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 下

时间：2011-03-11 23:18来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次

Dynamometers have replaced prony brakes for measuring brake horsepower.
propeller. A rotating airfoil driven by an airplane engine to produce thrust to pull or push an airplane through the air. 14 CFR Part 1: “A device for propelling an aircraft that has blades on an engine-driven shaft and that, when rotated, produces by its action on the air, a thrust approximately perpendicular to its plane of rotation. It includes control components normally supplied by its manufacturer, but does not include main and auxiliary rotors or rotating airfoils of engines.”
propeller anti-icer. A system that spreads a mixture of alcohol and glycerin along the propeller blades when the aircraft is flying in icing conditions. The alcohol and glycerin prevent water reaching the metal of the propeller blade and freezing on it.
propeller blade tipping (wooden propeller component). Thin sheet metal tipping on the blades of a wooden propeller. The metal reinforces the thin tips and prevents damage to the wood by water, sand, and rocks thrown into the propeller.
propeller cones. Tapered metal cones placed over a splined propeller shaft to hold the propeller centered on the shaft. A single-piece bronze cone is used as the rear cone and it slips over the shaft and contacts the thrust bearing retainer nut that is screwed onto the propeller shaft. The front cone is a two-piece, chrome-plated steel, matched set. It contains a groove into which a flange on the propeller retaining nut fits.
When the retaining nut is tightened, the propeller hub is squeezed between the two cones which centers it on the shaft.

propeller efficiency. The ratio of the thrust horsepower produced by the engine-propeller combination to the brake horsepower delivered to the propeller shaft.
propeller end (aircraft engine nomenclature). The end of a reciprocating engine to which the propeller is attached.
propeller shaft. The shaft on which the propeller is mounted. On a direct-drive engine, the propeller mounts on the end of the engine crankshaft. On a geared engine, the propeller is mounted on a separate shaft which is part of the reduction gear system.
Before and during World War II tapered shafts were used on most of the smaller engines and splined shafts were used on all of the larger engines. Almost all modern engines except some of the very largest turboprop engines are equipped with flanged propeller shafts.

propeller synchronization. The function of keeping the RPM of all the engines in a multiengine aircraft exactly the same. One engine is used as the master engine, and the speed of each of the other engines, called slave engines, is compared to it. The propeller governor on each slave engine is automatically adjusted, to change the pitch of its propeller to maintain an RPM the same as that of the master engine.
proper fraction (mathematics). A common fraction in which the numerator is smaller than the denominator.
Propfan engine. The trade name registered by Hamilton Standard for an ultrahigh-bypass turbine engine. See UHB engine, and UDF engine.

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