时间：2011-03-11 23:18来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次
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turbine (axial). A wheel fitted with vanes, or buckets, radiating out from its circumference. Kinetic energy in a fluid flowing through the vanes is converted into mechanical power by the impulse or reaction of the fluid with the vanes. turbine inlet guide vanes (turbine engine component). The special series of stator vanes immediately ahead of the turbine. The function of the inlet guide vanes is to divert the air to the proper direction to enter the first-stage turbine, and to provide a series of convergent ducts which increase the velocity of the air. turbine inlet temperature. See TIT. turbine nozzle. Another name for turbine inlet guide vanes. turbocharger (reciprocating engine component). An exhaust-gas-driven air compressor used to increase the power of a reciprocating engine. A turbocharger uses a small radial-inflow turbine in the exhaust system of the engine to drive a centrifugal-type air compressor mounted on the turbine shaft. Exhaust gases spin the turbine, and the compressor compresses air. This compressed air flows into the cylinders of the engine through the induction system. A turbocharger uses power from the engine because it increases the exhaust back pressure. But the compressed air it forces into the cylinders produces a greater power increase than the loss of power caused by the turbine. Turbocharger is a shortened name for exhaust-driven turbosupercharger. turbocompound engine (reciprocating engine type). A type of reciprocating engine that recovers some of the energy normally lost through the exhaust by using a power-recovery turbine (PRT) in the exhaust. Some of the energy remaining in the exhaust gas leaving the cylinders is used to spin a turbine connected through a fluid coupling to the crankshaft. A portion of this energy is returned to the crankshaft. turbofan engine. A type of gas turbine engine that has a set of lengthened blades on the low-pressure compressor or low-pressure turbine. Air moved by these special blades bypasses the core engine and produces between 30% and 75% of the total thrust produced by the engine. turbojet engine. A form of heat engine that produces thrust by accelerating a relatively small mass of air through a large change in velocity. A compressor in the front of the engine compresses the inlet air, and fuel is sprayed into this air and burned. The heat from the burning fuel expands the air and forces it out the back of the engine in the form of a high-velocity jet of hot air. The air leaving the engine flows through a turbine which extracts energy to drive the compressor. turboprop engine. A form of gas turbine engine that uses one or more stages of turbines to drive a set of reduction gears, which in turn drives a propeller. Most of the heat energy in the exhaust gases is converted into torque, rather than into a stream of high-velocity exhaust gases, as is done in a turbojet engine. turboshaft engine. A form of gas turbine engine that uses one or more stages of turbines to drive a transmission, which in turn drives the rotors of a helicopter. A turboshaft engine extracts a maximum amount of the heat energy from the exhaust gas to drive the turbine connected to the transmission. |
