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航空术语词典 Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 上

时间:2011-03-11 23:11来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:admin 点击:


biocidal action. The action of certain chemicals that kill bacteria. Biocidal agents are used in turbine engine fuel to kill the bacteria and microbes living in water that condenses inside aircraft fuel tanks. If these microscopic organisms are not killed, they will multiply and form a scum that holds water against the aircraft skin and promotes corrosion.
Biocidal additives are also put in aircraft dope used on cotton or linen fabric to kill bacteria that can destroy either of these organic fabrics.
biocidal agent. A chemical compound that is destructive to certain types of living organisms.
biodegradable. A condition of a material that allows it to be broken down into simple products by the action of certain types of microorganisms.
Paper and wood are normally biodegradable. If they are buried, they will, in time, change into simpler chemical compounds. Some man-made materials are not biodegradable, and they will not change. Disposing of large volumes of nonbiodegradable materials can be an environmental problem.
biological warfare. Warfare using disease-producing microorganisms or toxic biological products to cause death or injury to humans, animals, or plants.
biophysics. The branch of physics dealing with the application of physical laws to biological problems.
biplane. An airplane having two main supporting aerodynamic surfaces (wings). The wings of a biplane are normally mounted so that one is approximately above the other.
bipolar transistor. A solid-state component in which the flow of current between its emitter and collector is controlled by a much smaller flow of current into or out of its base. Bipolar transistors may be of either the NPN or PNP type.

bipropellant rocket. A rocket using two separate propellants which are kept separate until they are mixed in the combustion chamber.
bisector of a line. A point on the line that divides it into two segments of equal length.
bisector of an angle. A line that divides an angle into two equal angles.
bismuth. A heavy metallic, pentavalent chemical element. Bismuth is brittle, grayish-white, crystalline, and highly diamagnetic. Bismuth’s symbol is Bi, its atomic number is 83, and its atomic weight is 208.980.
Bismuth is often used to dope silicon or germanium to make P-type semiconductor material and is also used as an alloying agent for changing the characteristic of certain metals.
bistable. A condition of a mechanical or electrical device in which either of two conditions may exist as a steady state.
bistable circuit (electronic circuit). A circuit having two stable conditions. Either condition may be chosen, and the circuit will operate in that condition until it is purposely changed. The circuit will not change its condition by itself.
bistable multivibrator (electronic circuit). A type of oscillator using two transistors. Only one transistor conducts at a time, and it will continue to conduct until an external pulse causes it to stop conducting. When the first transistor stops conducting, the second transistor automatically begins to conduct.

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