时间：2011-03-11 23:11来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：admin 点击：次
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cascade effect. The cumulative effect that occurs when the output of one series of components serves as the input to the next series. cascade transformer (electrical equipment). A device that can be used in an electrical circuit to get a high voltage. The secondary winding of a step-up transformer is connected to the primary winding of another step-up transformer. As many transformers as are needed to get the required output voltage can be cascaded in this manner. cascade vanes (thrust reverser component). Vanes in an aerodynamic blockage-type thrust reverser used to turn the stream of exhaust gases to produce a reverse thrust. case hardening (steel heat treatment). A method of heat treatment of steel in which the surface of the metal is hardened while its inside stays comparatively soft and tough. Case hardening may be done by causing the steel on the surface to absorb extra carbon or by changing the surface into a very hard chemical compound called aluminum nitride. Case hardening is used on such steel parts as engine crankshafts. Only the surfaces where the bearings ride are made very hard and brittle. The inside of the crankshaft remains tough and strong. casein glue. A form of powdered glue made from milk. Casein glue powder is mixed with cold water to form a creamy paste. Casein glue was formerly used for joining wood parts of aircraft, but it is no longer used because better types of glue are now available. case pressure (fluid pump pressure). A relatively low pressure maintained inside the bearing cavities of an engine-driven hydraulic pump. If the shaft or the bearings (bushings) of the pump should become damaged, case pressure will force hydraulic fluid out of the pump, rather than allowing air to be pulled in. casing (aircraft tire component). The rubber and fabric body of a pneumatic tire. The casing is the same as the carcass of the tire. casing nail. A form of wire nail made of smaller gage wire than that used for a common nail of the same length. castellated nut. A form of hexagonal nut (a six-sided nut) that has slots cut across its end. A cotter pin is passed through the slots and through a hole in the shank of the bolt to lock the nut to the bolt. Castellated nuts are often called castle nuts. casting. A method of forming an object by pouring molten metal or liquid plastic resin into a mold. The material is allowed to harden inside the mold and, when hard, it is removed. Castings are less expensive than forgings, but they usually have much less strength. Reciprocating engine crankcases are normally castings. cast iron. Iron that contains carbon and silicon. Cast iron is heavy, brittle, and hard, and cannot be formed by forging. It is used for making objects that do not require a great deal of strength and can be made by pouring the molten iron into molds. The main use of cast iron in aircraft technology is in the manufacture of piston rings for reciprocating engines. CAT (clear air turbulence). Extreme turbulence found at high altitude. Clear air turbulence is created when a difference in the temperature causes a violent movement of the air. |
