仪表飞行术语 Instrument Flight Glossary

时间：2011-08-28 11:47来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次

D.C. Direct current.
Dark adaptation. Physical and chemical adjustments of the eye that make vision possible in relative darkness.
Deceleration error. A magnetic compass error that occurs when the aircraft decelerates while .ying on an easterly or westerly heading, causing the compass card to rotate toward South.
Decision altitude (DA). A speci.ed altitude in the precision approach, charted in feet MSL, at which a missed approach must be initiated if the required visual reference to continue the approach has not been established.
Decision height (DH). A speci.ed altitude in the precision approach, charted in height above threshold elevation, at which a decision must be made either to continue the approach or to execute a missed approach.
Deice. The act of removing ice accumulation from an aircraft structure.
Density altitude. Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature. Density altitude is used in computing the performance of an aircraft and its engines.
Departure procedure (DP). Preplanned IFR ATC departure, published for pilot use, in textual and graphic format.
Deviation. A magnetic compass error caused by local magnetic .elds within the aircraft. Deviation error is different on each heading.
DGPS. Differential global positioning system.
DH. See decision height.

Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS). A system that improves the accuracy of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) by measuring changes in variables to provide satellite positioning corrections.
Direct indication. The true and instantaneous re. ection of aircraft pitch-and-bank attitude by the miniature aircraft, relative to the horizon bar of the attitude indicator.
Direct User Access Terminal System (DUATS). A system that provides current FAA weather and .ight plan . ling services to certi.ed civil pilots, via personal computer, modem, or telephone access to the system. Pilots can request speci.c types of weather brie.ngs and other pertinent data for planned . ights.
Distance circle. See reference circle.
Distance measuring equipment (DME). A pulse-type electronic navigation system that shows the pilot, by an instrument-panel indication, the number of nautical miles between the aircraft and a ground station or waypoint.
DME. See distance measuring equipment.
DME arc. A .ight track that is a constant distance from the station or waypoint.
DOD. Department of Defense.
Doghouse. A turn-and-slip indicator dial mark in the shape of a doghouse.
Domestic Reduced Vertical Separation Minimum (DRVSM). Additional .ight levels between FL 290 and FL 410 to provide operational, traf.c, and airspace ef. ciency.
Double gimbal. A type of mount used for the gyro in an attitude instrument. The axes of the two gimbals are at right angles to the spin axis of the gyro, allowing free motion in two planes around the gyro.
DP. See departure procedure.
Drag. The net aerodynamic force parallel to the relative wind, usually the sum of two components: induced drag and parasite drag.