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仪表飞行术语 Instrument Flight Glossary

时间:2011-08-28 11:47来源:蓝天飞行翻译 作者:航空 点击:


HSI. See horizontal situation indicator.
HUD. See head-up display.
Human factors. A multidisciplinary .eld encompassing the behavioral and social sciences, engineering, and physiology, to consider the variables that influence individual and crew performance for the purpose of optimizing human performance and reducing errors.
Hypoxia. A state of oxygen de.ciency in the body suf. cient to impair functions of the brain and other organs.
IAF. See initial approach . x.
IAP. See instrument approach procedures.
IAS. See indicated airspeed.
ICAO. See International Civil Aviation Organization.
Ident. Air Traffic Control request for a pilot to push the button on the transponder to identify return on the controller’s scope.
IFR. See instrument . ight rules.
ILS. See instrument landing system.
ILS categories. Categories of instrument approach procedures allowed at airports equipped with the following types of instrument landing systems:
ILS Category I: Provides for approach to a height above touchdown of not less than 200 feet, and with runway visual range of not less than 1,800 feet.
ILS Category II: Provides for approach to a height above touchdown of not less than 100 feet and with runway visual range of not less than 1,200 feet.
ILS Category IIIA: Provides for approach without a decision height minimum and with runway visual range of not less than 700 feet.
ILS Category IIIB: Provides for approach without a decision height minimum and with runway visual range of not less than 150 feet.
ILS Category IIIC: Provides for approach without a decision height minimum and without runway visual range minimum.

IMC. See instrument meteorological conditions.
Indicated airspeed (IAS). Shown on the dial of the instrument airspeed indicator on an aircraft. Directly related to calibrated airspeed (CAS), IAS includes instrument errors and position error.
Indirect indication. A re.ection of aircraft pitch-and-bank attitude by the instruments other than the attitude indicator.
Induced drag. Drag caused by the same factors that produce lift; its amount varies inversely with airspeed. As airspeed decreases, the angle of attack must increase, in turn increasing induced drag.
Induction icing. A type of ice in the induction system that reduces the amount of air available for combustion. The most commonly found induction icing is carburetor icing.
Inertial navigation system (INS). A computer-based navigation system that tracks the movement of an aircraft via signals produced by onboard accelerometers. The initial location of the aircraft is entered into the computer, and all subsequent movement of the aircraft is sensed and used to keep the position updated. An INS does not require any inputs from outside signals.
Initial approach fix (IAF). The .x depicted on IAP charts where the instrument approach procedure (IAP) begins unless otherwise authorized by ATC.

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