时间：2011-08-28 11:47来源：蓝天飞行翻译 作者：航空 点击：次
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LAAS. See local area augmentation system. Lag. The delay that occurs before an instrument needle attains a stable indication. Land as soon as possible. ATC instruction to pilot. Land without delay at the nearest suitable area, such as an open .eld, at which a safe approach and landing is assured. Land as soon as practical. ATC instruction to pilot. The landing site and duration of .ight are at the discretion of the pilot. Extended .ight beyond the nearest approved landing area is not recommended. Land immediately. ATC instruction to pilot. The urgency of the landing is paramount. The primary consideration is to ensure the survival of the occupants. Landing in trees, water, or other unsafe areas should be considered only as a last resort. LDA. See localizer-type directional aid. Lead radial. The radial at which the turn from the DME arc to the inbound course is started. Leans, the. A physical sensation caused by an abrupt correction of a banked attitude entered too slowly to stimulate the motion sensing system in the inner ear. The abrupt correction can create the illusion of banking in the opposite direction. Lift. A component of the total aerodynamic force on an airfoil and acts perpendicular to the relative wind. Lines of flux. Invisible lines of magnetic force passing between the poles of a magnet. L/MF. See low or medium frequency. LMM. See locator middle marker. Load factor. The ratio of a speci.ed load to the total weight of the aircraft. The speci.ed load is expressed in terms of any of the following: aerodynamic forces, inertial forces, or ground or water reactions. Loadmeter. A type of ammeter installed between the generator output and the main bus in an aircraft electrical system. LOC. See localizer. Local area augmentation system (LAAS). A differential global positioning system (DGPS) that improves the accuracy of the system by determining position error from the GPS satellites, then transmitting the error, or corrective factors, to the airborne GPS receiver. Localizer (LOC). The portion of an ILS that gives left/right guidance information down the centerline of the instrument runway for . nal approach. Localizer-type directional aid (LDA). A NAVAID used for nonprecision instrument approaches with utility and accuracy comparable to a localizer but which is not a part of a complete ILS and is not aligned with the runway. Some LDAs are equipped with a glide slope. Locator middle marker (LMM). Nondirectional radio beacon (NDB) compass locator, collocated with a middle marker (MM). Locator outer marker (LOM). NDB compass locator, collocated with an outer marker (OM). LOM. See locator outer marker. Long range navigation (LORAN). An electronic navigational system by which hyperbolic lines of position are determined by measuring the difference in the time of reception of synchronized pulse signals from two . xed transmitters. LORAN A operates in the 1750 to 1950 kHz frequency band. LORAN C and D operate in the 100 to 110 kHz frequency band. |
